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[[Image:1nu9.gif|left|200px]]


{{Structure
==Staphylocoagulase-Prethrombin-2 complex==
|PDB= 1nu9 |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>1nu9</scene>, resolution 2.20&Aring;
<StructureSection load='1nu9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1nu9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
|SITE=  
== Structural highlights ==
|LIGAND= <scene name='pdbligand=ARM:DEOXY-METHYL-ARGININE'>ARM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DPN:D-PHENYLALANINE'>DPN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HG:MERCURY+(II)+ION'>HG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IMD:IMIDAZOLE'>IMD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MCR:SULFANYLACETIC+ACID'>MCR</scene>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1nu9]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Staphylococcus aureus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NU9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1NU9 FirstGlance]. <br>
|ACTIVITY= <span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin Thrombin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.21.5 3.4.21.5] </span>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
|GENE=  
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=0ZJ:N-(SULFANYLACETYL)-D-PHENYLALANYL-N-[(2S,3S)-6-{[AMINO(IMINIO)METHYL]AMINO}-1-CHLORO-2-HYDROXYHEXAN-3-YL]-L-PROLINAMIDE'>0ZJ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HG:MERCURY+(II)+ION'>HG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IMD:IMIDAZOLE'>IMD</scene></td></tr>
|DOMAIN=
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1nu9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1nu9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1nu9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1nu9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1nu9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1nu9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
|RELATEDENTRY=[[1nu7|1nu7]]
</table>
|RESOURCES=<span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1nu9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1nu9 OCA], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1nu9 PDBsum], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1nu9 RCSB]</span>
== Function ==
}}
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q846V4_STAAU Q846V4_STAAU]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/nu/1nu9_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1nu9 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Many bacterial pathogens secrete proteins that activate host trypsinogen-like enzyme precursors, most notably the proenzymes of the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen implicated in sepsis and endocarditis, secretes the cofactor staphylocoagulase, which activates prothrombin, without the usual proteolytic cleavages, to directly initiate blood clotting. Here we present the 2.2 A crystal structures of human alpha-thrombin and prethrombin-2 bound to a fully active staphylocoagulase variant. The cofactor consists of two domains, each with three-helix bundles; this is a novel fold that is distinct from known serine proteinase activators, particularly the streptococcal plasminogen activator streptokinase. The staphylocoagulase fold is conserved in other bacterial plasma-protein-binding factors and extracellular-matrix-binding factors. Kinetic studies confirm the importance of isoleucine 1 and valine 2 at the amino terminus of staphylocoagulase for zymogen activation. In addition to making contacts with the 148 loop and (pro)exosite I of prethrombin-2, staphylocoagulase inserts its N-terminal peptide into the activation pocket of bound prethrombin-2, allosterically inducing functional catalytic machinery. These investigations demonstrate unambiguously the validity of the zymogen-activation mechanism known as 'molecular sexuality'.


'''Staphylocoagulase-Prethrombin-2 complex'''
Staphylocoagulase is a prototype for the mechanism of cofactor-induced zymogen activation.,Friedrich R, Panizzi P, Fuentes-Prior P, Richter K, Verhamme I, Anderson PJ, Kawabata S, Huber R, Bode W, Bock PE Nature. 2003 Oct 2;425(6957):535-9. PMID:14523451<ref>PMID:14523451</ref>


From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1nu9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==Overview==
==See Also==
Many bacterial pathogens secrete proteins that activate host trypsinogen-like enzyme precursors, most notably the proenzymes of the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen implicated in sepsis and endocarditis, secretes the cofactor staphylocoagulase, which activates prothrombin, without the usual proteolytic cleavages, to directly initiate blood clotting. Here we present the 2.2 A crystal structures of human alpha-thrombin and prethrombin-2 bound to a fully active staphylocoagulase variant. The cofactor consists of two domains, each with three-helix bundles; this is a novel fold that is distinct from known serine proteinase activators, particularly the streptococcal plasminogen activator streptokinase. The staphylocoagulase fold is conserved in other bacterial plasma-protein-binding factors and extracellular-matrix-binding factors. Kinetic studies confirm the importance of isoleucine 1 and valine 2 at the amino terminus of staphylocoagulase for zymogen activation. In addition to making contacts with the 148 loop and (pro)exosite I of prethrombin-2, staphylocoagulase inserts its N-terminal peptide into the activation pocket of bound prethrombin-2, allosterically inducing functional catalytic machinery. These investigations demonstrate unambiguously the validity of the zymogen-activation mechanism known as 'molecular sexuality'.
*[[Thrombin 3D Structures|Thrombin 3D Structures]]
 
== References ==
==About this Structure==
<references/>
1NU9 is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Staphylococcus aureus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NU9 OCA].
__TOC__
 
</StructureSection>
==Reference==
Staphylocoagulase is a prototype for the mechanism of cofactor-induced zymogen activation., Friedrich R, Panizzi P, Fuentes-Prior P, Richter K, Verhamme I, Anderson PJ, Kawabata S, Huber R, Bode W, Bock PE, Nature. 2003 Oct 2;425(6957):535-9. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14523451 14523451]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Staphylococcus aureus]]
[[Category: Staphylococcus aureus]]
[[Category: Thrombin]]
[[Category: Bock PE]]
[[Category: Bock, P E.]]
[[Category: Bode W]]
[[Category: Bode, W.]]
[[Category: Friedrich R]]
[[Category: Friedrich, R.]]
[[Category: Fuentes-Prior P]]
[[Category: Fuentes-Prior, P.]]
[[Category: Panizzi P]]
[[Category: Panizzi, P.]]
[[Category: thrombin non-proteolytic activator endocarditis]]
 
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