1axi: Difference between revisions

==Disease==

[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SOMA_HUMAN SOMA_HUMAN]] Defects in GH1 are a cause of growth hormone deficiency isolated type 1A (IGHD1A) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/262400 262400]]; also known as pituitary dwarfism I. IGHD1A is an autosomal recessive deficiency of GH which causes short stature. IGHD1A patients have an absence of GH with severe dwarfism and often develop anti-GH antibodies when given exogenous GH.<ref>PMID:8364549</ref> Defects in GH1 are a cause of growth hormone deficiency isolated type 1B (IGHD1B) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/612781 612781]]; also known as dwarfism of Sindh. IGHD1B is an autosomal recessive deficiency of GH which causes short stature. IGHD1B patients have low but detectable levels of GH. Dwarfism is less severe than in IGHD1A and patients usually respond well to exogenous GH.  Defects in GH1 are the cause of Kowarski syndrome (KWKS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/262650 262650]]; also known as pituitary dwarfism VI.<ref>PMID:8552145</ref><ref>PMID:9276733</ref><ref>PMID:17519310</ref> Defects in GH1 are a cause of growth hormone deficiency isolated type 2 (IGHD2) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/173100 173100]]. IGHD2 is an autosomal dominant deficiency of GH which causes short stature. Clinical severity is variable. Patients have a positive response and immunologic tolerance to growth hormone therapy. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GHR_HUMAN GHR_HUMAN]] Defects in GHR are a cause of Laron syndrome (LARS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/262500 262500]]. A severe form of growth hormone insensitivity characterized by growth impairment, short stature, dysfunctional growth hormone receptor, and failure to generate insulin-like growth factor I in response to growth hormone.<ref>PMID:2779634</ref><ref>PMID:8421103</ref><ref>PMID:8504296</ref><ref>PMID:8450064</ref><ref>PMID:8137822</ref><ref>PMID:9024232</ref><ref>PMID:9661642</ref><ref>PMID:9851797</ref><ref>PMID:10870033</ref><ref>PMID:14678285</ref>  Defects in GHR may be a cause of idiopathic short stature autosomal (ISSA) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/604271 604271]]. Short stature is defined by a subnormal rate of growth.<ref>PMID:7565946</ref>  

[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SOMA_HUMAN SOMA_HUMAN]] Plays an important role in growth control. Its major role in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-1. It stimulates both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GHR_HUMAN GHR_HUMAN]] Receptor for pituitary gland growth hormone involved in regulating postnatal body growth. On ligand binding, couples to the JAK2/STAT5 pathway (By similarity). The soluble form (GHBP) acts as a reservoir of growth hormone in plasma and may be a modulator/inhibitor of GH signaling.  Isoform 2 up-regulates the production of GHBP and acts as a negative inhibitor of GH signaling.  

[[1axi]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1AXI OCA].

 

==Reference==

<ref group="xtra">PMID:009353194</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>

[[Category: Atwell, S.]]

[[Category: Ultsch, M.]]

[[Category: Vos, A M.De.]]

[[Category: Wells, J A.]]