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| [[Image:1q1p.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of Cadherin, [[1q1p]]]]
| | <StructureSection load='2a4c' size='350' side='right' scene='41/417481/Cv/4' caption='Mouse cadherin-11 EC1 dimer (PDB code [[2a4c]])'> |
| {{STRUCTURE_1q1p| PDB=1q1p | SIZE=400| SCENE=Cadherin/Cv/1 |right|CAPTION=Epithelial cadherin complex with Ca+2 ions, [[1q1p]] }}
| | __TOC__ |
| | == Function == |
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| | [[Cadherin|Cadherins]] (CDH) are calcium-dependent adhesion proteins. They contain extracellular CDH repeats (EC1-EC5) which bind calcium ions. They are encoded by numerous genes numbered CDH1-CDH23. Some names of CDH indicate their locations: '''E-CDH''' (epithelial tissue), '''VE-CDH''' (vascular epithelial), '''T-CDH''' bound to membrane, '''N-CDH''' (neurons), '''P-CDH''' (placental), '''K-CDH''' (kidney). The CDH superfamily contains:<br /> |
| | *'''Protocadhedrins''' (Prot-CDH) which are similar to CDH but are unique in their cytoplasmic domains. They are found mainly in the brain at cell-cell contacts.<ref>PMID:11171368</ref> <br /> |
| | *'''Desmogleins''' (Des-CDH) and '''desmocollin''' are CDH found in desmosomes. |
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| | == Structural highlights == |
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| | | The adhesive binding of CDH arises from the exchange of β strand of one CDH with the strand of CDH of a neighboring cell termed ''strand swap''. The strand swapping is enhanced by <scene name='41/417481/Cv/5'>2 Trp residues</scene> docking into the hydrophobic pocket of the neighboring CDH molecule. <ref>PMID:16564015</ref> |
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| [[Cadherin|Cadherins]] (CDH) are calcium-dependent adhesion proteins. They contain extracellular CDH repeats (EC1-EC5) which bind calcium ions. They are encoded by numerous genes numbered CDH1-CDH23. Some names of CDH indicate their locations: E-CDH (epithelial tissue), VE-CDH (vascular epithelial), T-CDH bound to membrane, N-CDH (neurons). The CDH superfamily contains protocadhedrins (Prot-CDH), desmogleins (Des-CDH) and more. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative Cadherin, ''i.e.'' the crystal structure of Cadherin ([[1q1p]]). Calcium ions is shown as a space filling objects.
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| {{TOC limit|limit=2}}
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| == 3D Structures of Cadherin == | | == 3D Structures of Cadherin == |
| | [[Cadherin 3D structures]] |
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| ''Update June 2012''
| | </StructureSection> |
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| === CDH encoded by CDH1 ===
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| [[1q1p]] – mCDH1 - mouse<br />
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| [[3q2v]] – mCDH1 ectodomain<br />
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| [[3qrb]] – mCDH1+2
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| === CDH encoded by CDH5 ===
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| [[2koh]] – mCDH5+PAR3-PDZ3<br />
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| === CDH encoded by CDH6 ===
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| [[3lnd]] – mCDH6 EC12 (mutant)<br />
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| === CDH encoded by CDH8 ===
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| [[1zxk]] – mCDH8 EC1<br />
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| [[2a62]] - mCDH8 EC1+EC2+EC3<br />
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| === CDH encoded by CDH11 ===
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| [[2a4c]], [[2a4e]] – mCDH11 EC1<br />
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| === CDH encoded by CDH20 ===
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| [[1zvn]] – cCDH20 EC1 – chicken<br />
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| === CDH encoded by CDH23 ===
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| [[3mvs]], [[2whv]] – mCDH23 N-terminal<br />
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| [[2kbr]] – hCDH23 peptide+harmonin – NMR - human<br />
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| [[2kbs]] - hCDH23 C-terminal peptide+harmonin PDZ2 – NMR<br />
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| [[2wbx]] – mCDH23 EC1<br />
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| [[2wcp]] - mCDH23 EC2<br />
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| [[2wd0]] - mCDH23 EC1+EC2 (mutant)
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| === C-CDH “classical” ===
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| [[1l3w]] – XlC-CDH ectodomain - ''Xenopus laevis''<br />
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| [[1q5b]], [[1q5c]], [[1q55]], [[1q5a]] – C-CDH model into desmosome – electron tomography<br />
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| === E-CDH epithelial ===
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| [[1ff5]] – mE-CDH double domain<br />
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| [[1edh]] - mE-CDH EC1+EC2+Ca<br />
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| [[3q2l]], [[3q2n]] - mE-CDH EC1+EC2 (mutant)<br />
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| [[1suh]] – mE-CDH N-terminal - NMR<br />
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| [[3l6x]], [[3l6y]], [[1i7x]], [[1i7w]] – mE-CDH+catenin<br />
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| [[3lne]], [[3lnf]], [[3lng]], [[3lnh]], [[3lni]] – mE-CDH EC12 (mutant)<br />
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| [[2qvf]] – mE-CDH1 CDH2<br />
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| [[3ifq]] – hE-CDH EC1+EC2+EC3 <br />
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| [[2o72]] - hE-CDH EC1+EC2<br />
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| [[3ff7]], [[3ff8]] - hE-CDH EC1+EC2+EC3+NK cell receptor<br />
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| [[2omt]], [[2omu]], [[2omx]], [[2omz]], [[2omv]], [[2omw]], [[2omy]] – hE-CDH EC1+internalin (mutant)<br />
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| [[1o6s]] – E-CDH N-terminal+internalin – ''Listeria monocytogenes''<br />
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| === T-CDH membrane bound ===
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| [[3k5r]] – mT-CDH EC1+EC2<br />
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| [[3k5s]] - cT-CDH EC1+EC2 <br />
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| [[3k6d]] - XlT-CDH EC1 <br />
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| [[3k6f]] - mT-CDH EC1<br />
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| [[3k6i]] - cT-CDH EC1<br />
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| [[2v37]] – hT-CDH N-terminal - NMR<br />
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| === N-CDH neuronal ===
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| [[1nch]], [[1nci]] – mN-CDH<br />
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| [[1ncg]] – mN-CDH (mutant)<br />
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| [[2qvi]] – mN-CDH EC12<br />
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| [[1ncj]] – mN-CDH two domains<br />
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| [[3q2w]] – mN-CDH ectodomain<br />
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| [[1op4]] - mN-CDH prodomain - NMR<br />
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| [[3ubf]] – DmN-CDH ectodomain – ''Drosophila melanogaster''<br />
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| [[3ubh]] - DmN-CDH EC1-4<br />
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| [[3ubg]] - DmN-CDH EC1-
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| ===VE-CDH vascular epithelial===
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| [[3ppe]] – cVE-CDH EC1+EC2<br />
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| === Protocadherin ===
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| [[2yst]] – hProt-CDH7 EC3 – NMR<br />
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| [[2ee0]] - hProt-CDH9 Ca domain – NMR<br />
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| [[1wyj]] - mProt-CDH β 14 - NMR<br />
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| [[1wuz]] - mProt-CDH4 EC1 – NMR
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| === Desmoglein ===
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| [[2yqg]] – hDes-CDH EC1<br />
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |