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| {{STRUCTURE_1ain| PDB=1ain | SIZE=400| SCENE=Annexin/Cv/2 |right|CAPTION=Human annexin I complex with Ca+2 ions, [[1ain]] }}
| | <StructureSection load='1n42' size='350' side='right' caption='Rat annexin V complex with Ca+2 (green) and sulfate (PDB code [[1n42]])' scene='41/410357/Cv/3'> |
| | __TOC__ |
| | == Function == |
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| == Function == | | [[Annexin|Annexins]] are proteins which make a membrane scaffold. They bind negatively charged phospholipids and contain a 70 amino acid long annexin repeat. Annexins divide into species and are numbered from I to XII. |
| | *'''Annexin I''' is involved in a variety of pathways<ref>PMID:17215481</ref>. <br /> |
| | *'''Annexin II''' is involved in angiogenesis, tutor progression and metastasis<ref>PMID:18220793</ref>. See also [[Ezetimibe]].<br /><br /> |
| | *'''Annexin V''' is the most abundant scaffolding protein. <br /> |
| | *'''Annexin VI''' is involved in endocytosis and regulates entry of ligands to prelysosomal compartment<ref>PMID:10940299</ref>. <br /> |
| | *'''Annexin VIII''' is calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding involved in blood coagulation<ref>PMID:8018923</ref>. <br /> |
| | *'''Annexin E1''' (AnE1) is associated with tubulin in trophozoites of ''Giardia lamblia'' and forms local slubs in the flagella. <br /> |
| | *'''Annexin A-V''' has a major role in coagulation. <br /> |
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| | == Relevance == |
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| [[Annexin|Annexins]] are proteins which make a membrane scaffold. They bind negatively charged phospholipids and contain a 70 amino acid long annexin repeat. Annexins divide into species and are numbered from I to XII. '''Annexin V''' is the most abundant scaffolding protein. '''Annexin E1''' (AnE1) is associated with tubulin in trophozoites of ''Giardia lamblia'' and forms local slubs in the flagella. In the annexin image calcium ions are shown as green balls.
| | Annexin I is involved in anti-inflammatory responses and apoptotic mechanisms. |
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| == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
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| Annexins consist of 2 domains - the C-terminal core and the N-terminal head. | | Annexins consist of 2 domains - the C-terminal core and the N-terminal head. The <scene name='41/410357/Cv/9'>core domain consists of 4 annexin repeats</scene> containing <scene name='41/410357/Cv/10'>5 helices</scene>. The core domain concave side contains the <scene name='41/410357/Cv/11'>Ca+2 binding sites</scene>.<ref>PMID:12401794</ref> |
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| ==3D structures of annexin== | | ==3D structures of annexin== |
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| | [[Annexin 3D structures]] |
| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
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| {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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| * Annexin I
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| **[[2q4c]], [[1ycn]] - AnI - ''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
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| **[[1mcx]], [[1hm6]] - pAnI - pig<br />
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| **[[1qls]] - pAnI head+calgizzarrin<br />
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| **[[1bo9]] - hAnI head - human NMR<br />
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| **[[1ain]] - hAnI<br />
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| **[[4mdv]], [[4mdu]] – AnI + Ca – ''Schistosoma mansoni''<br />
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| * Annexin II
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| **[[2hyu]], [[2hyv]] - hAnII+heparin oligosaccharide<br />
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| **[[2hyw]], [[1xjl]] - hAnII+Ca<br />
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| **[[1w7b]] - hAnII<br />
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| **[[1bt6]] - hAnII head+calpactin light chain<br />
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| **[[4hre]] – AnII + protein S100-A10 + helicase-like transcription factor<br />
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| **[[4x9p]] – AnII – bovine<br />
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| * Annexin III
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| **[[1aii]], [[1axn]] - hAnIII<br />
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| * Annexin IV
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| **[[2zhi]], [[2zhj]], rAnIV+Na - rat<br />
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| **[[2zoc]] - hAnIV<br />
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| **[[1i4a]] - cAnIV (mutant) - cow<br />
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| **[[1aow]], [[1ann]] - cAnIV<br />
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| * Annexin V
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| **[[2ie6]], [[2ie7]], rAnV<br />
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| **[[1n41]], [[1n42]], [[1n44]], [[2h0k]], [[2h0l]], [[2h0m]], [[1bc0]], [[1bc1]], [[1bc3]], [[1bcw]], [[1bcy]], [[1bcz]] - rAnV (mutant)<br />
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| **[[1g5n]] - rAnV+ heparin oligosaccharide<br />
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| **[[1a8a]], [[1a8b]] - rAnV+phospholipid analog<br />
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| **[[2ran]] - rAnV+Ca<br />
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| **[[1yii]] – chAnV+Ca – chicken<br />
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| **[[1yj0]] - chAnV+Zn<br />
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| **[[1ala]] - ChAnV<br />
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| **[[1hak]] - hAnV+K-201<br />
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| **[[1sav]] - hAnV (thioproline)<br />
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| **[[1hvd]], [[1hve]], [[1hvf]], [[1hvg]] - hAnV (mutant)<br />
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| **[[1anw]], [[1avh]], [[1avr]] - hAnV<br />
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| **[[1anx]] - hAnV+Ca<br />
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| **[[2xo2]] – hAnV + Ca + azidohomoalanine<br />
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| **[[2xo3]] - hAnV + Ca + homopropargylglycine
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| * Annexin VI
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| **[[1m9i]] - hAnVI (mutant)<br />
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| **[[1avc]] - cAnVI+Ca<br />
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| * Annexin VIII
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| **[[1w3w]] - hAnVIII<br />
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| **[[1w45]] - hAnVIII (mutant)<br />
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| * Annexin XII
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| **[[1dm5]] - HvAnXII (mutant) - ''Hydra vulgaris''<br />
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| **[[1aei]] - HvAnXII<br />
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| * Annexin E1
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| **[[3chj]] – GlAnE1 – ''Giardia lamblia''<br />
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| **[[3chk]], [[3chl]] – GlAnE1 + cation
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| * Other annexins
| | </StructureSection> |
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| **[[1dk5]] - An24 - ''Capsicom annuum''<br />
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| **[[3brx]] - coAnGH1+Ca - cotton<br />
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| **[[1n00]] - coAnGH1<br />
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| }}
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |