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<StructureSection load='4zji' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4zji]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.99Å' scene=''> | <StructureSection load='4zji' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4zji]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.99Å' scene=''> | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4zji]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [ | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4zji]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4ZJI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ZJI FirstGlance]. <br> | ||
</td></tr><tr id=' | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.99Å</td></tr> | ||
<tr id=' | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4OQ:2-CHLORO-5-ETHYL-8-FLUORO-11-(4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-YL)-DIBENZODIAZEPINE'>4OQ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr> | ||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4zji FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4zji OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4zji PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4zji RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4zji PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4zji ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | |||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[ | |||
</table> | </table> | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
[ | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PAK1_HUMAN PAK1_HUMAN] Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2.<ref>PMID:8805275</ref> <ref>PMID:9395435</ref> <ref>PMID:9032240</ref> <ref>PMID:9528787</ref> <ref>PMID:10551809</ref> <ref>PMID:11733498</ref> <ref>PMID:12624090</ref> <ref>PMID:12876277</ref> <ref>PMID:14585966</ref> <ref>PMID:15611088</ref> <ref>PMID:15831477</ref> <ref>PMID:16278681</ref> <ref>PMID:17726028</ref> <ref>PMID:17989089</ref> <ref>PMID:22669945</ref> | ||
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | ||
== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | ||
| Line 22: | Line 21: | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Serine/threonine protein kinase|Serine/threonine protein kinase]] | *[[Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures|Serine/threonine protein kinase 3D structures]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] | ||
[[Category: Large Structures]] | [[Category: Large Structures]] | ||
[[Category: Gutmann S]] | |||
[[Category: Gutmann | [[Category: Rummel G]] | ||
[[Category: Rummel | |||
Latest revision as of 14:33, 9 May 2024
PAK1 in complex with 2-chloro-5-ethyl-8-fluoro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-dibenzodiazepinePAK1 in complex with 2-chloro-5-ethyl-8-fluoro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-dibenzodiazepine
Structural highlights
FunctionPAK1_HUMAN Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe discovery of inhibitors targeting novel allosteric kinase sites is very challenging. Such compounds, however, once identified could offer exquisite levels of selectivity across the kinome. Herein we report our structure-based optimization strategy of a dibenzodiazepine hit 1, discovered in a fragment-based screen, yielding highly potent and selective inhibitors of PAK1 such as 2 and 3. Compound 2 was cocrystallized with PAK1 to confirm binding to an allosteric site and to reveal novel key interactions. Compound 3 modulated PAK1 at the cellular level and due to its selectivity enabled valuable research to interrogate biological functions of the PAK1 kinase. Optimization of a Dibenzodiazepine Hit to a Potent and Selective Allosteric PAK1 Inhibitor.,Karpov AS, Amiri P, Bellamacina C, Bellance MH, Breitenstein W, Daniel D, Denay R, Fabbro D, Fernandez C, Galuba I, Guerro-Lagasse S, Gutmann S, Hinh L, Jahnke W, Klopp J, Lai A, Lindvall MK, Ma S, Mobitz H, Pecchi S, Rummel G, Shoemaker K, Trappe J, Voliva C, Cowan-Jacob SW, Marzinzik AL ACS Med Chem Lett. 2015 May 22;6(7):776-81. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00102. , eCollection 2015 Jul 9. PMID:26191365[16] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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