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[[Image:1gmj.jpg|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1gmj" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="1gmj, resolution 2.2&Aring;" />
'''THE STRUCTURE OF BOVINE IF1, THE REGULATORY SUBUNIT OF MITOCHONDRIAL F-ATPASE'''<br />


==Overview==
==The structure of bovine IF1, the regulatory subunit of mitochondrial F-ATPase==
<StructureSection load='1gmj' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1gmj]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1gmj]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1GMJ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1GMJ FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1gmj FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1gmj OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1gmj PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1gmj RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1gmj PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1gmj ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ATIF1_BOVIN ATIF1_BOVIN] Endogenous F(1)F(o)-ATPase inhibitor limiting ATP depletion when the mitochondrial membrane potential falls below a threshold and the F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase starts hydrolyzing ATP to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix. Required to avoid the consumption of cellular ATP when the F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase enzyme acts as an ATP hydrolase.<ref>PMID:7397110</ref> <ref>PMID:10831597</ref> <ref>PMID:18687699</ref> <ref>PMID:21192948</ref> <ref>PMID:12923572</ref> <ref>PMID:17895376</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/gm/1gmj_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1gmj ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
In mitochondria, the hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase is regulated by an inhibitor protein, IF(1). Its binding to ATP synthase depends on pH, and below neutrality, IF(1) is dimeric and forms a stable complex with the enzyme. At higher pH values, IF(1) forms tetramers and is inactive. In the 2.2 A structure of the bovine IF(1) described here, the four monomers in the asymmetric unit are arranged as a dimer of dimers. Monomers form dimers via an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled coil in the C-terminal region. Dimers are associated into oligomers and form long fibres in the crystal lattice, via coiled-coil interactions in the N-terminal and inhibitory regions (residues 14-47). Therefore, tetramer formation masks the inhibitory region, preventing IF(1) binding to ATP synthase.
In mitochondria, the hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase is regulated by an inhibitor protein, IF(1). Its binding to ATP synthase depends on pH, and below neutrality, IF(1) is dimeric and forms a stable complex with the enzyme. At higher pH values, IF(1) forms tetramers and is inactive. In the 2.2 A structure of the bovine IF(1) described here, the four monomers in the asymmetric unit are arranged as a dimer of dimers. Monomers form dimers via an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled coil in the C-terminal region. Dimers are associated into oligomers and form long fibres in the crystal lattice, via coiled-coil interactions in the N-terminal and inhibitory regions (residues 14-47). Therefore, tetramer formation masks the inhibitory region, preventing IF(1) binding to ATP synthase.


==About this Structure==
The structure of bovine IF(1), the regulatory subunit of mitochondrial F-ATPase.,Cabezon E, Runswick MJ, Leslie AG, Walker JE EMBO J. 2001 Dec 17;20(24):6990-6. PMID:11742976<ref>PMID:11742976</ref>
1GMJ is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1GMJ OCA].


==Reference==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
The structure of bovine IF(1), the regulatory subunit of mitochondrial F-ATPase., Cabezon E, Runswick MJ, Leslie AG, Walker JE, EMBO J. 2001 Dec 17;20(24):6990-6. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=11742976 11742976]
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1gmj" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Cabezon, E.]]
[[Category: Cabezon E]]
[[Category: Leslie, A G.W.]]
[[Category: Leslie AGW]]
[[Category: Runswick, M J.]]
[[Category: Runswick MJ]]
[[Category: Walker, J E.]]
[[Category: Walker JE]]
[[Category: atp hydrolysis]]
[[Category: bovine f1-atpase inhibitor protein]]
[[Category: coiled-coil structure]]
[[Category: p dependent oligomerization]]
 
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