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==Substituted 2-Naphthamidine inhibitors of urokinase==
==Substituted 2-Naphthamidine inhibitors of urokinase==
<StructureSection load='1owd' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1owd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.32&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1owd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1owd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.32&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1owd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1OWD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1OWD FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1owd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1OWD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1OWD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=497:6-[AMINO(IMINO)METHYL]-N-[(4R)-4-ETHYL-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLIN-6-YL]-2-NAPHTHAMIDE'>497</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.32&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1fv9|1fv9]], [[1owe|1owe]], [[1owh|1owh]], [[1owi|1owi]], [[1owj|1owj]], [[1owk|1owk]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=497:6-[AMINO(IMINO)METHYL]-N-[(4R)-4-ETHYL-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLIN-6-YL]-2-NAPHTHAMIDE'>497</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">PLAU ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1owd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1owd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1owd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1owd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1owd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1owd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-plasminogen_activator U-plasminogen activator], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.21.73 3.4.21.73] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1owd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1owd OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1owd PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1owd RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1owd PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1owd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN]] Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/601709 601709]]. QPD is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary degradation of alpha-granule proteins.<ref>PMID:20007542</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN] Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601709 601709]. QPD is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary degradation of alpha-granule proteins.<ref>PMID:20007542</ref>  
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN]] Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/UROK_HUMAN UROK_HUMAN] Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
Check<jmol>
   <jmolCheckbox>
   <jmolCheckbox>
     <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ow/1owd_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ow/1owd_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
Line 24: Line 22:
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1owd ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1owd ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The preparation and assessment of biological activity of 6-substituted 2-naphthamidine inhibitors of the serine protease urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA, or urokinase) is described. 2-Naphthamidine was chosen as a starting point based on synthetic considerations and on modeling of substituent vectors. Phenyl amides at the 6-position were found to improve binding; replacement of the amide with other two-atom linkers proved ineffective. The phenyl group itself is situated near the S1' subsite; substitutions off of the phenyl group accessed S1' and other distant binding regions. Three new points of interaction were defined and explored through ring substitution. A solvent-exposed salt bridge with the Asp60A carboxylate was formed using a 4-alkylamino group, improving affinity to K(i) = 40 nM. Inhibitors also accessed two hydrophobic regions. One interaction is characterized by a tight hydrophobic fit made with a small dimple largely defined by His57 and His99; a weaker, less specific interaction involves alkyl groups reaching into the broad prime-side protein binding region near Val41 and the Cys42-Cys58 disulfide, displacing water molecules and leading to small gains in activity. Many inhibitors accessed two of these three regions. Affinities range as low as K(i) = 6 nM, and many compounds had K(i) &lt; 100 nM, while moderate to excellent selectivity was gained versus four of five members of a panel of relevant serine proteases. Also, some selectivity against trypsin was generated via the interaction with Asp60A. X-ray structures of many of these compounds were used to inform our inhibitor design and to increase our understanding of key interactions. In combination with our exploration of 8-substitution patterns, we have identified a number of novel binding interactions for uPA inhibitors.


Identification of novel binding interactions in the development of potent, selective 2-naphthamidine inhibitors of urokinase. Synthesis, structural analysis, and SAR of N-phenyl amide 6-substitution.,Wendt MD, Rockway TW, Geyer A, McClellan W, Weitzberg M, Zhao X, Mantei R, Nienaber VL, Stewart K, Klinghofer V, Giranda VL J Med Chem. 2004 Jan 15;47(2):303-24. PMID:14711304<ref>PMID:14711304</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Urokinase 3D Structures|Urokinase 3D Structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1owd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: U-plasminogen activator]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Geyer, A]]
[[Category: Geyer A]]
[[Category: Giranda, V L]]
[[Category: Giranda VL]]
[[Category: Klinghofer, V]]
[[Category: Klinghofer V]]
[[Category: Mantei, R]]
[[Category: Mantei R]]
[[Category: McClellan, W]]
[[Category: McClellan W]]
[[Category: Nienaber, V L]]
[[Category: Nienaber VL]]
[[Category: Rockway, T W]]
[[Category: Rockway TW]]
[[Category: Stewart, K]]
[[Category: Stewart K]]
[[Category: Weitzberg, M]]
[[Category: Weitzberg M]]
[[Category: Wendt, M D]]
[[Category: Wendt MD]]
[[Category: Zhao, X]]
[[Category: Zhao X]]
[[Category: Egf-like domain]]
[[Category: Glycoprotein]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Kringle]]
[[Category: Plasminogen activation]]
[[Category: Serine protease]]

Latest revision as of 08:51, 17 April 2024

Substituted 2-Naphthamidine inhibitors of urokinaseSubstituted 2-Naphthamidine inhibitors of urokinase

Structural highlights

1owd is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.32Å
Ligands:
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

UROK_HUMAN Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:601709. QPD is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary degradation of alpha-granule proteins.[1]

Function

UROK_HUMAN Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Paterson AD, Rommens JM, Bharaj B, Blavignac J, Wong I, Diamandis M, Waye JS, Rivard GE, Hayward CP. Persons with Quebec platelet disorder have a tandem duplication of PLAU, the urokinase plasminogen activator gene. Blood. 2010 Feb 11;115(6):1264-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-07-233965. Epub 2009, Dec 9. PMID:20007542 doi:10.1182/blood-2009-07-233965

1owd, resolution 2.32Å

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

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OCA
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