1mu6: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:41, 10 April 2024

Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622

Structural highlights

1mu6 is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Hirudo medicinalis and Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:	X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.99Å
Ligands:	,
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

THRB_HUMAN Defects in F2 are the cause of factor II deficiency (FA2D) [MIM:613679. It is a very rare blood coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. The severity of the bleeding manifestations correlates with blood factor II levels.^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12] Genetic variations in F2 may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:601367; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.^[13] Defects in F2 are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombin defect (THPH1) [MIM:188050. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Note=A common genetic variation in the 3-prime untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Defects in F2 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 2 (RPRGL2) [MIM:614390. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.^[14]

Function

THRB_HUMAN Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.^[15]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

↑ Wang W, Fu Q, Zhou R, Wu W, Ding Q, Hu Y, Wang X, Wang H, Wang Z. Prothrombin Shanghai: hypoprothrombinaemia caused by substitution of Gla29 by Gly. Haemophilia. 2004 Jan;10(1):94-7. PMID:14962227
↑ Board PG, Shaw DC. Determination of the amino acid substitution in human prothrombin type 3 (157 Glu leads to Lys) and the localization of a third thrombin cleavage site. Br J Haematol. 1983 Jun;54(2):245-54. PMID:6405779
↑ Rabiet MJ, Furie BC, Furie B. Molecular defect of prothrombin Barcelona. Substitution of cysteine for arginine at residue 273. J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 15;261(32):15045-8. PMID:3771562
↑ Miyata T, Morita T, Inomoto T, Kawauchi S, Shirakami A, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Tokushima, a replacement of arginine-418 by tryptophan that impairs the fibrinogen clotting activity of derived thrombin Tokushima. Biochemistry. 1987 Feb 24;26(4):1117-22. PMID:3567158
↑ Inomoto T, Shirakami A, Kawauchi S, Shigekiyo T, Saito S, Miyoshi K, Morita T, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Tokushima: characterization of dysfunctional thrombin derived from a variant of human prothrombin. Blood. 1987 Feb;69(2):565-9. PMID:3801671
↑ Henriksen RA, Mann KG. Identification of the primary structural defect in the dysthrombin thrombin Quick I: substitution of cysteine for arginine-382. Biochemistry. 1988 Dec 27;27(26):9160-5. PMID:3242619
↑ Henriksen RA, Mann KG. Substitution of valine for glycine-558 in the congenital dysthrombin thrombin Quick II alters primary substrate specificity. Biochemistry. 1989 Mar 7;28(5):2078-82. PMID:2719946
↑ Miyata T, Aruga R, Umeyama H, Bezeaud A, Guillin MC, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Salakta: substitution of glutamic acid-466 by alanine reduces the fibrinogen clotting activity and the esterase activity. Biochemistry. 1992 Aug 25;31(33):7457-62. PMID:1354985
↑ Morishita E, Saito M, Kumabashiri I, Asakura H, Matsuda T, Yamaguchi K. Prothrombin Himi: a compound heterozygote for two dysfunctional prothrombin molecules (Met-337-->Thr and Arg-388-->His). Blood. 1992 Nov 1;80(9):2275-80. PMID:1421398
↑ Iwahana H, Yoshimoto K, Shigekiyo T, Shirakami A, Saito S, Itakura M. Detection of a single base substitution of the gene for prothrombin Tokushima. The application of PCR-SSCP for the genetic and molecular analysis of dysprothrombinemia. Int J Hematol. 1992 Feb;55(1):93-100. PMID:1349838
↑ James HL, Kim DJ, Zheng DQ, Girolami A. Prothrombin Padua I: incomplete activation due to an amino acid substitution at a factor Xa cleavage site. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1994 Oct;5(5):841-4. PMID:7865694
↑ Degen SJ, McDowell SA, Sparks LM, Scharrer I. Prothrombin Frankfurt: a dysfunctional prothrombin characterized by substitution of Glu-466 by Ala. Thromb Haemost. 1995 Feb;73(2):203-9. PMID:7792730
↑ Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Bautista LE, Sharma P. Meta-analysis of genetic studies in ischemic stroke: thirty-two genes involving approximately 18,000 cases and 58,000 controls. Arch Neurol. 2004 Nov;61(11):1652-61. PMID:15534175 doi:61/11/1652
↑ Pihusch R, Buchholz T, Lohse P, Rubsamen H, Rogenhofer N, Hasbargen U, Hiller E, Thaler CJ. Thrombophilic gene mutations and recurrent spontaneous abortion: prothrombin mutation increases the risk in the first trimester. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2001 Aug;46(2):124-31. PMID:11506076
↑ Glenn KC, Frost GH, Bergmann JS, Carney DH. Synthetic peptides bind to high-affinity thrombin receptors and modulate thrombin mitogenesis. Pept Res. 1988 Nov-Dec;1(2):65-73. PMID:2856554

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

[1] Wang W, Fu Q, Zhou R, Wu W, Ding Q, Hu Y, Wang X, Wang H, Wang Z. Prothrombin Shanghai: hypoprothrombinaemia caused by substitution of Gla29 by Gly. Haemophilia. 2004 Jan;10(1):94-7. PMID:14962227

[2] Board PG, Shaw DC. Determination of the amino acid substitution in human prothrombin type 3 (157 Glu leads to Lys) and the localization of a third thrombin cleavage site. Br J Haematol. 1983 Jun;54(2):245-54. PMID:6405779

[3] Rabiet MJ, Furie BC, Furie B. Molecular defect of prothrombin Barcelona. Substitution of cysteine for arginine at residue 273. J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 15;261(32):15045-8. PMID:3771562

[4] Miyata T, Morita T, Inomoto T, Kawauchi S, Shirakami A, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Tokushima, a replacement of arginine-418 by tryptophan that impairs the fibrinogen clotting activity of derived thrombin Tokushima. Biochemistry. 1987 Feb 24;26(4):1117-22. PMID:3567158

[5] Inomoto T, Shirakami A, Kawauchi S, Shigekiyo T, Saito S, Miyoshi K, Morita T, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Tokushima: characterization of dysfunctional thrombin derived from a variant of human prothrombin. Blood. 1987 Feb;69(2):565-9. PMID:3801671

[6] Henriksen RA, Mann KG. Identification of the primary structural defect in the dysthrombin thrombin Quick I: substitution of cysteine for arginine-382. Biochemistry. 1988 Dec 27;27(26):9160-5. PMID:3242619

[7] Henriksen RA, Mann KG. Substitution of valine for glycine-558 in the congenital dysthrombin thrombin Quick II alters primary substrate specificity. Biochemistry. 1989 Mar 7;28(5):2078-82. PMID:2719946

[8] Miyata T, Aruga R, Umeyama H, Bezeaud A, Guillin MC, Iwanaga S. Prothrombin Salakta: substitution of glutamic acid-466 by alanine reduces the fibrinogen clotting activity and the esterase activity. Biochemistry. 1992 Aug 25;31(33):7457-62. PMID:1354985

[9] Morishita E, Saito M, Kumabashiri I, Asakura H, Matsuda T, Yamaguchi K. Prothrombin Himi: a compound heterozygote for two dysfunctional prothrombin molecules (Met-337-->Thr and Arg-388-->His). Blood. 1992 Nov 1;80(9):2275-80. PMID:1421398

[10] Iwahana H, Yoshimoto K, Shigekiyo T, Shirakami A, Saito S, Itakura M. Detection of a single base substitution of the gene for prothrombin Tokushima. The application of PCR-SSCP for the genetic and molecular analysis of dysprothrombinemia. Int J Hematol. 1992 Feb;55(1):93-100. PMID:1349838

[11] James HL, Kim DJ, Zheng DQ, Girolami A. Prothrombin Padua I: incomplete activation due to an amino acid substitution at a factor Xa cleavage site. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1994 Oct;5(5):841-4. PMID:7865694

[12] Degen SJ, McDowell SA, Sparks LM, Scharrer I. Prothrombin Frankfurt: a dysfunctional prothrombin characterized by substitution of Glu-466 by Ala. Thromb Haemost. 1995 Feb;73(2):203-9. PMID:7792730

[13] Casas JP, Hingorani AD, Bautista LE, Sharma P. Meta-analysis of genetic studies in ischemic stroke: thirty-two genes involving approximately 18,000 cases and 58,000 controls. Arch Neurol. 2004 Nov;61(11):1652-61. PMID:15534175 doi:61/11/1652

[14] Pihusch R, Buchholz T, Lohse P, Rubsamen H, Rogenhofer N, Hasbargen U, Hiller E, Thaler CJ. Thrombophilic gene mutations and recurrent spontaneous abortion: prothrombin mutation increases the risk in the first trimester. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2001 Aug;46(2):124-31. PMID:11506076

[15] Glenn KC, Frost GH, Bergmann JS, Carney DH. Synthetic peptides bind to high-affinity thrombin receptors and modulate thrombin mitogenesis. Pept Res. 1988 Nov-Dec;1(2):65-73. PMID:2856554

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

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[15]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Image:1mu6.jpg|left|200px]]
- {{Structure
+==Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622==
-|PDB= 1mu6 |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>1mu6</scene>, resolution 1.99&Aring;
+<StructureSection load='1mu6' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1mu6]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.99&Aring;' scene=''>
-|SITE=
+== Structural highlights ==
-|LIGAND= <scene name='pdbligand=CDA:2-(6-CHLORO-3-{[2,2-DIFLUORO-2-(2-PYRIDINYL)ETHYL]AMINO}-2-OXO-1(2H)-PYRAZINYL)-N-[(2-FLUORO-6-PYRIDINYL)METHYL]ACETAMIDE'>CDA</scene>
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1mu6]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirudo_medicinalis Hirudo medicinalis] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1MU6 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1MU6 FirstGlance]. <br>
-|ACTIVITY= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin Thrombin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.21.5 3.4.21.5]
+</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.99&#8491;</td></tr>
-|GENE=
+<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CDA:2-(6-CHLORO-3-{[2,2-DIFLUORO-2-(2-PYRIDINYL)ETHYL]AMINO}-2-OXO-1(2H)-PYRAZINYL)-N-[(2-FLUORO-6-PYRIDINYL)METHYL]ACETAMIDE'>CDA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TYS:O-SULFO-L-TYROSINE'>TYS</scene></td></tr>
-}}
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1mu6 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1mu6 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1mu6 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1mu6 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1mu6 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1mu6 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
+</table>
+== Disease ==
+[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN] Defects in F2 are the cause of factor II deficiency (FA2D) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613679 613679]. It is a very rare blood coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. The severity of the bleeding manifestations correlates with blood factor II levels.<ref>PMID:14962227</ref> <ref>PMID:6405779</ref> <ref>PMID:3771562</ref> <ref>PMID:3567158</ref> <ref>PMID:3801671</ref> <ref>PMID:3242619</ref> <ref>PMID:2719946</ref> <ref>PMID:1354985</ref> <ref>PMID:1421398</ref> <ref>PMID:1349838</ref> <ref>PMID:7865694</ref> <ref>PMID:7792730</ref>   Genetic variations in F2 may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601367 601367]; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.<ref>PMID:15534175</ref>   Defects in F2 are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombin defect (THPH1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/188050 188050]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Note=A common genetic variation in the 3-prime untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of venous thrombosis.  Defects in F2 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 2 (RPRGL2) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/614390 614390]. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.<ref>PMID:11506076</ref>
+== Function ==
+[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN] Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.<ref>PMID:2856554</ref>
+== Evolutionary Conservation ==
+[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
+Check<jmol>
+  <jmolCheckbox>
+    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/mu/1mu6_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
+    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
+    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
+  </jmolCheckbox>
+</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1mu6 ConSurf].
+<div style="clear:both"></div>
-'''Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622'''
+==See Also==
+*[[Hirudin 3D structures|Hirudin 3D structures]]
+*[[Thrombin 3D Structures|Thrombin 3D Structures]]
-==Overview==
+== References ==
-Recent efforts in the field of thrombin inhibitor research have focused on the identification of compounds with good oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. In this manuscript we describe a metabolism-based approach to the optimization of the 3-(2-phenethylamino)-6-methylpyrazinone acetamide template (e.g., 1) which resulted in the modification of each of the three principal components (i.e., P1, P2, P3) comprising this series. As a result of these studies, several potent thrombin inhibitors (e.g., 20, 24, 25) were identified which exhibit high levels of oral bioavailability and long plasma half-lives.
+<references/>
+__TOC__
-==Disease==
+</StructureSection>
-Known diseases associated with this structure: Dysprothrombinemia OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=176930 176930]], Hyperprothrombinemia OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=176930 176930]], Hypoprothrombinemia OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=176930 176930]]
+[[Category: Hirudo medicinalis]]
-==About this Structure==
-MU6 is a [[Protein complex]] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1MU6 OCA].
-==Reference==
-Metabolism-directed optimization of 3-aminopyrazinone acetamide thrombin inhibitors. Development of an orally bioavailable series containing P1 and P3 pyridines., Burgey CS, Robinson KA, Lyle TA, Sanderson PE, Lewis SD, Lucas BJ, Krueger JA, Singh R, Miller-Stein C, White RB, Wong B, Lyle EA, Williams PD, Coburn CA, Dorsey BD, Barrow JC, Stranieri MT, Holahan MA, Sitko GR, Cook JJ, McMasters DR, McDonough CM, Sanders WM, Wallace AA, Clayton FC, Bohn D, Leonard YM, Detwiler TJ Jr, Lynch JJ Jr, Yan Y, Chen Z, Kuo L, Gardell SJ, Shafer JA, Vacca JP, J Med Chem. 2003 Feb 13;46(4):461-73. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12570369 12570369]
 [[Category: Homo sapiens]]
-[[Category: Protein complex]]
+[[Category: Large Structures]]
-[[Category: Thrombin]]
+[[Category: Barrow JC]]
-[[Category: Barrow, J C.]]
+[[Category: Bohn D]]
-[[Category: Bohn, D.]]
+[[Category: Burgey CS]]
-[[Category: Burgey, C S.]]
+[[Category: Chen Z]]
-[[Category: Chen, Z.]]
+[[Category: Clayton FC]]
-[[Category: Clayton, F C.]]
+[[Category: Coburn CA]]
-[[Category: Coburn, C A.]]
+[[Category: Cook JJ]]
-[[Category: Cook, J J.]]
+[[Category: Detwiler Jr TJ]]
-[[Category: Dorsey, B D.]]
+[[Category: Dorsey BD]]
-[[Category: Gardell, S J.]]
+[[Category: Gardell SJ]]
-[[Category: Holahan, M A.]]
+[[Category: Holahan MA]]
-[[Category: Jr., J J.Lynch.]]
+[[Category: Krueger JA]]
-[[Category: Jr., T J.Detwiler.]]
+[[Category: Kuo L]]
-[[Category: Krueger, J A.]]
+[[Category: Leonard YM]]
-[[Category: Kuo, L.]]
+[[Category: Lewis SD]]
-[[Category: Leonard, Y M.]]
+[[Category: Lucas BJ]]
-[[Category: Lewis, S D.]]
+[[Category: Lyle EA]]
-[[Category: Lucas, B J.]]
+[[Category: Lyle TA]]
-[[Category: Lyle, E A.]]
+[[Category: Lynch Jr JJ]]
-[[Category: Lyle, T A.]]
+[[Category: McDonough CM]]
-[[Category: McDonough, C M.]]
+[[Category: McMasters DR]]
-[[Category: McMasters, D R.]]
+[[Category: Miller-Stein C]]
-[[Category: Miller-Stein, C.]]
+[[Category: Robinson KA]]
-[[Category: Robinson, K A.]]
+[[Category: Sanders WM]]
-[[Category: Sanders, W M.]]
+[[Category: Sanderson PE]]
-[[Category: Sanderson, P E.]]
+[[Category: Shafer JA]]
-[[Category: Shafer, J A.]]
+[[Category: Singh R]]
-[[Category: Singh, R.]]
+[[Category: Sitko GR]]
-[[Category: Sitko, G R.]]
+[[Category: Stranieri MT]]
-[[Category: Stranieri, M T.]]
+[[Category: Vacca JPJ]]
-[[Category: Vacca, J P.J.]]
+[[Category: Wallace AA]]
-[[Category: Wallace, A A.]]
+[[Category: White RB]]
-[[Category: White, R B.]]
+[[Category: Williams PD]]
-[[Category: Williams, P D.]]
+[[Category: Wong B]]
-[[Category: Wong, B.]]
+[[Category: Yan Y]]
-[[Category: Yan, Y.]]
-[[Category: CDA]]
-[[Category: blood clotting]]
-[[Category: hydrolase]]
-''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Mar 20 12:48:13 2008''

1mu6: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:41, 10 April 2024

Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Evolutionary Conservation

See Also

References

Contents

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Navigation menu

1mu6: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:41, 10 April 2024

Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with L-378,622

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Evolutionary Conservation

See Also

References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Navigation menu

Search