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[[Image:1lma.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1lma" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="1lma, resolution 1.75&Aring;" />
'''PROTEIN HYDRATION AND WATER STRUCTURE: X-RAY ANALYSIS OF A CLOSELY PACKED PROTEIN CRYSTAL WITH VERY LOW SOLVENT CONTENT'''<br />


==Overview==
==PROTEIN HYDRATION AND WATER STRUCTURE: X-RAY ANALYSIS OF A CLOSELY PACKED PROTEIN CRYSTAL WITH VERY LOW SOLVENT CONTENT==
Low-humidity monoclinic lysozyme, resulting from a water-mediated transformation, has one of the lowest solvent contents (22% by volume) observed in a protein crystal. Its structure has been solved by the molecular replacement method and refined to an R value of 0.175 for 7684 observed reflections in the 10-1.75 A resolution shell. 90% of the solvent in the well ordered crystals could be located. Favourable sites of hydration on the protein surface include side chains with multiple hydrogen-bonding centres, and regions between short hydrophilic side chains and the main-chain CO or NH groups of the same or nearby residues. Major secondary structural features are not disrupted by hydration. However, the free CO groups at the C terminii and, to a lesser extent, the NH groups at the N terminii of helices provide favourable sites for water interactions, as do reverse turns and regions which connect beta-structure and helices. The hydration shell consists of discontinuous networks of water molecules, the maximum number of molecules in a network being ten. The substrate-binding cleft is heavily hydrated, as is the main loop region which is stabilized by water interactions. The protein molecules are close packed in the crystals with a molecular coordination number of 14. Arginyl residues are extensively involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonds and water bridges. The water molecules in the crystal are organized into discrete clusters. A distinctive feature of the clusters is the frequent occurrence of three-membered rings. The protein molecules undergo substantial rearrangement during the transformation from the native to the low-humidity form. The main-chain conformations in the two forms are nearly the same, but differences exist in the side-chain conformation. The differences are particularly pronounced in relation to Trp 62 and Trp 63. The shift in Trp 62 is especially interesting as it is also known to move during inhibitor binding.
<StructureSection load='1lma' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1lma]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.75&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1lma]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus Gallus gallus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1LMA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1LMA FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.75&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NO3:NITRATE+ION'>NO3</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1lma FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1lma OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1lma PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1lma RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1lma PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1lma ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LYSC_CHICK LYSC_CHICK] Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Has bacteriolytic activity against M.luteus.<ref>PMID:22044478</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/lm/1lma_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1lma ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>


==About this Structure==
==See Also==
1LMA is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus Gallus gallus] with <scene name='pdbligand=NO3:'>NO3</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1LMA OCA].
*[[Lysozyme 3D structures|Lysozyme 3D structures]]
 
== References ==
==Reference==
<references/>
Protein hydration and water structure: X-ray analysis of a closely packed protein crystal with very low solvent content., Madhusudan, Kodandapani R, Vijayan M, Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 1993 Mar 1;49(Pt 2):234-45. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=15299529 15299529]
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Gallus gallus]]
[[Category: Gallus gallus]]
[[Category: Lysozyme]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Kodandapani R]]
[[Category: Kodandapani, R.]]
[[Category: Madhusudan]]
[[Category: Madhusudan]]
[[Category: Vijayan, M.]]
[[Category: Vijayan M]]
[[Category: NO3]]
[[Category: hydrolase(o-glycosyl)]]
 
''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 13:46:17 2008''

Latest revision as of 11:24, 10 April 2024

PROTEIN HYDRATION AND WATER STRUCTURE: X-RAY ANALYSIS OF A CLOSELY PACKED PROTEIN CRYSTAL WITH VERY LOW SOLVENT CONTENTPROTEIN HYDRATION AND WATER STRUCTURE: X-RAY ANALYSIS OF A CLOSELY PACKED PROTEIN CRYSTAL WITH VERY LOW SOLVENT CONTENT

Structural highlights

1lma is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Gallus gallus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.75Å
Ligands:
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

LYSC_CHICK Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Has bacteriolytic activity against M.luteus.[1]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Maehashi K, Matano M, Irisawa T, Uchino M, Kashiwagi Y, Watanabe T. Molecular characterization of goose- and chicken-type lysozymes in emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae): evidence for extremely low lysozyme levels in emu egg white. Gene. 2012 Jan 15;492(1):244-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.021. Epub 2011 Oct, 25. PMID:22044478 doi:10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.021

1lma, resolution 1.75Å

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