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==Crystal Structure of the Kir3.2 Cytoplasmic Domain (Na+-free crystal soaked in 10 mM Gadolinium chloride and 10 mM magnesium chloride)==
==Crystal Structure of the Kir3.2 Cytoplasmic Domain (Na+-free crystal soaked in 10 mM Gadolinium chloride and 10 mM magnesium chloride)==
<StructureSection load='3atd' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3atd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.01&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3atd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3atd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.01&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3atd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3ATD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ATD FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3atd]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3ATD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ATD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GD:GADOLINIUM+ATOM'>GD</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.01&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3agw|3agw]], [[2e4f|2e4f]], [[3at8|3at8]], [[3at9|3at9]], [[3ata|3ata]], [[3atb|3atb]], [[3ate|3ate]], [[3atf|3atf]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GD:GADOLINIUM+ATOM'>GD</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3atd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3atd OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3atd PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3atd RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3atd PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3atd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3atd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3atd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3atd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3atd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3atd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3atd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Disease ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KCNJ6_MOUSE KCNJ6_MOUSE] Defects in Kcnj6 are the cause of the weaver (wv) phenotype. Homozygous animals suffer from severe ataxia that is obvious by about the second postnatal week. The cerebellum of these animals is drastically reduced in size due to depletion of the major cell type of cerebellum, the granule cell neuron. Heterozygous animals are not ataxic but have an intermediate number of surviving granule cells. Male homozygotes are sterile, because of complete failure of sperm production. Both hetero- and homozygous animals undergo sporadic tonic-clonic seizures.
Ion channels gate at membrane-embedded domains by changing their conformation along the ion conduction pathway. Inward rectifier K(+) (Kir) channels possess a unique extramembrane cytoplasmic domain that extends this pathway. However, the relevance and contribution of this domain to ion permeation remain unclear. By qualitative x-ray crystallographic analysis, we found that the pore in the cytoplasmic domain of Kir3.2 binds cations in a valency-dependent manner and does not allow the displacement of Mg(2+) by monovalent cations or spermine. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that the cytoplasmic pore of Kir3.2 selectively binds positively charged molecules and has a higher affinity for Mg(2+) when it has a low probability of being open. The selective blocking of chemical modification of the side chain of pore-facing residues by Mg(2+) indicates that the mode of binding of Mg(2+) is likely to be similar to that observed in the crystal structure. These results indicate that the Kir3.2 crystal structure has a closed conformation with a negative electrostatic field potential at the cytoplasmic pore, the potential of which may be controlled by conformational changes in the cytoplasmic domain to regulate ion diffusion along the pore.
== Function ==
 
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KCNJ6_MOUSE KCNJ6_MOUSE] This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. It plays a role in granule cell differentiation, possibly via membrane hyperpolarization. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium.
Interactions of cations with the cytoplasmic pores of inward rectifier K(+) channels in the closed state.,Inanobe A, Nakagawa A, Kurachi Y J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 2;286(48):41801-11. Epub 2011 Oct 9. PMID:21982822<ref>PMID:21982822</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3atd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Potassium Channel|Potassium Channel]]
*[[Potassium channel 3D structures|Potassium channel 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Inanobe, A]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Kurachi, Y]]
[[Category: Inanobe A]]
[[Category: Beta-barrel]]
[[Category: Kurachi Y]]
[[Category: Cytoplasmic assembly]]
[[Category: G protein beta-gamma subunit]]
[[Category: Ion transport]]
[[Category: Transport protein]]

Latest revision as of 17:02, 13 March 2024

Crystal Structure of the Kir3.2 Cytoplasmic Domain (Na+-free crystal soaked in 10 mM Gadolinium chloride and 10 mM magnesium chloride)Crystal Structure of the Kir3.2 Cytoplasmic Domain (Na+-free crystal soaked in 10 mM Gadolinium chloride and 10 mM magnesium chloride)

Structural highlights

3atd is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Mus musculus. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 3.01Å
Ligands:
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

KCNJ6_MOUSE Defects in Kcnj6 are the cause of the weaver (wv) phenotype. Homozygous animals suffer from severe ataxia that is obvious by about the second postnatal week. The cerebellum of these animals is drastically reduced in size due to depletion of the major cell type of cerebellum, the granule cell neuron. Heterozygous animals are not ataxic but have an intermediate number of surviving granule cells. Male homozygotes are sterile, because of complete failure of sperm production. Both hetero- and homozygous animals undergo sporadic tonic-clonic seizures.

Function

KCNJ6_MOUSE This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. It plays a role in granule cell differentiation, possibly via membrane hyperpolarization. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium.

See Also

3atd, resolution 3.01Å

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