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==Crystal structure of human galectin-9 N-terminal CRD in complex with N-acetyllactosamine trimer (crystal 1)==
==Crystal structure of human galectin-9 N-terminal CRD in complex with N-acetyllactosamine trimer (crystal 1)==
<StructureSection load='2zhm' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2zhm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.84&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2zhm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2zhm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.84&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2zhm]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2ZHM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ZHM FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2zhm]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2ZHM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ZHM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RPN:(R)-1-PARA-NITRO-PHENYL-2-AZIDO-ETHANOL'>RPN</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.84&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[2zhk|2zhk]], [[2zhl|2zhl]], [[2zhn|2zhn]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RPN:(R)-1-PARA-NITRO-PHENYL-2-AZIDO-ETHANOL'>RPN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2zhm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2zhm OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2zhm PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2zhm RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2zhm PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2zhm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2zhm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2zhm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2zhm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2zhm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2zhm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2zhm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LEG9_HUMAN LEG9_HUMAN]] Binds galactosides. Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide. May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. Inhibits cell proliferation. It is a ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3. Induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death. Isoform Short acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant.<ref>PMID:16286920</ref> <ref>PMID:18005988</ref> <ref>PMID:18977853</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LEG9_HUMAN LEG9_HUMAN] Binds galactosides. Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide. May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. Inhibits cell proliferation. It is a ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3. Induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death. Isoform Short acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant.<ref>PMID:16286920</ref> <ref>PMID:18005988</ref> <ref>PMID:18977853</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2zhm ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2zhm ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-specific lectins bearing a conserved carbohydrate recognition domain. Interactions between galectins and poly-N-acetyllactosamine sequences are critical in a variety of biological processes. Galectin-9, a member of the galectin family, has two carbohydrate recognition domains at both the N- and C-terminal regions. Here we report the crystal structure of the human galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain in complex with N-acetyllactosamine dimers and trimers. These complex structures revealed that the galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain can recognize internal N-acetyllactosamine units within poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains. Based on these complex structures, we propose two putative recognition modes for poly-N-acetyllactosamine binding by galectins.
Structural analysis of the recognition mechanism of poly-N-acetyllactosamine by the human galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain.,Nagae M, Nishi N, Murata T, Usui T, Nakamura T, Wakatsuki S, Kato R Glycobiology. 2009 Feb;19(2):112-7. Epub 2008 Oct 31. PMID:18977853<ref>PMID:18977853</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2zhm" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Galectin|Galectin]]
*[[Galectin 3D structures|Galectin 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Kato, R]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Murata, T]]
[[Category: Kato R]]
[[Category: Nagae, M]]
[[Category: Murata T]]
[[Category: Nakamura, T]]
[[Category: Nagae M]]
[[Category: Nishi, N]]
[[Category: Nakamura T]]
[[Category: Usui, T]]
[[Category: Nishi N]]
[[Category: Wakatsuki, S]]
[[Category: Usui T]]
[[Category: Beta sandwich]]
[[Category: Wakatsuki S]]
[[Category: Carbohydrate binding protein]]
[[Category: Galectin]]
[[Category: Sugar binding protein]]

Latest revision as of 16:57, 13 March 2024

Crystal structure of human galectin-9 N-terminal CRD in complex with N-acetyllactosamine trimer (crystal 1)Crystal structure of human galectin-9 N-terminal CRD in complex with N-acetyllactosamine trimer (crystal 1)

Structural highlights

2zhm is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.84Å
Ligands:, ,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

LEG9_HUMAN Binds galactosides. Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide. May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. Inhibits cell proliferation. It is a ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3. Induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death. Isoform Short acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant.[1] [2] [3]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Zhu C, Anderson AC, Schubart A, Xiong H, Imitola J, Khoury SJ, Zheng XX, Strom TB, Kuchroo VK. The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity. Nat Immunol. 2005 Dec;6(12):1245-52. Epub 2005 Nov 13. PMID:16286920 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni1271
  2. ↑ Nagae M, Nishi N, Nakamura-Tsuruta S, Hirabayashi J, Wakatsuki S, Kato R. Structural analysis of the human galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain reveals unexpected properties that differ from the mouse orthologue. J Mol Biol. 2008 Jan 4;375(1):119-35. Epub 2007 Sep 26. PMID:18005988 doi:S0022-2836(07)01208-9
  3. ↑ Nagae M, Nishi N, Murata T, Usui T, Nakamura T, Wakatsuki S, Kato R. Structural analysis of the recognition mechanism of poly-N-acetyllactosamine by the human galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain. Glycobiology. 2009 Feb;19(2):112-7. Epub 2008 Oct 31. PMID:18977853 doi:cwn121

2zhm, resolution 1.84Å

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