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==Pyridopyrimidinone Derivatives as Potent and Selective c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitors==
==Pyridopyrimidinone Derivatives as Potent and Selective c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitors==
<StructureSection load='4y46' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4y46]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.04&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='4y46' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4y46]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.04&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4y46]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4Y46 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4Y46 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4y46]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4Y46 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4Y46 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4F2:1-{TRANS-4-[(8-CYCLOPENTYL-7-OXO-7,8-DIHYDROPYRIDO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-2-YL)AMINO]CYCLOHEXYL}-3-PROPAN-2-YLUREA'>4F2</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.04&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4y5h|4y5h]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4F2:1-{TRANS-4-[(8-CYCLOPENTYL-7-OXO-7,8-DIHYDROPYRIDO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-2-YL)AMINO]CYCLOHEXYL}-3-PROPAN-2-YLUREA'>4F2</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase Mitogen-activated protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.24 2.7.11.24] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4y46 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4y46 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4y46 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4y46 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4y46 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4y46 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4y46 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4y46 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4y46 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4y46 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4y46 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4y46 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK10_HUMAN MK10_HUMAN]] Defects in MAPK10 are a cause of epileptic encephalopathy Lennox-Gastaut type (EELG) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/606369 606369]]. Epileptic encephalopathies of the Lennox-Gastaut group are childhood epileptic disorders characterized by severe psychomotor delay and seizures. Note=A chromosomal aberration involving MAPK10 has been found in a single patient. Translocation t(Y;4)(q11.2;q21) which causes MAPK10 truncation.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK10_HUMAN MK10_HUMAN] Defects in MAPK10 are a cause of epileptic encephalopathy Lennox-Gastaut type (EELG) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/606369 606369]. Epileptic encephalopathies of the Lennox-Gastaut group are childhood epileptic disorders characterized by severe psychomotor delay and seizures. Note=A chromosomal aberration involving MAPK10 has been found in a single patient. Translocation t(Y;4)(q11.2;q21) which causes MAPK10 truncation.
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK10_HUMAN MK10_HUMAN]] Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as neuronal proliferation, differentiation, migration and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK10/JNK3. In turn, MAPK10/JNK3 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. Plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways during neuronal apoptosis. Phosphorylates the neuronal microtubule regulator STMN2. Acts in the regulation of the beta-amyloid precursor protein/APP signaling during neuronal differentiation by phosphorylating APP. Participates also in neurite growth in spiral ganglion neurons.<ref>PMID:11718727</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MK10_HUMAN MK10_HUMAN] Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as neuronal proliferation, differentiation, migration and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK10/JNK3. In turn, MAPK10/JNK3 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. Plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways during neuronal apoptosis. Phosphorylates the neuronal microtubule regulator STMN2. Acts in the regulation of the beta-amyloid precursor protein/APP signaling during neuronal differentiation by phosphorylating APP. Participates also in neurite growth in spiral ganglion neurons.<ref>PMID:11718727</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A novel series of 2-aminopyridopyrimidinone based JNK (c-jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitors were discovered and developed. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) were systematically developed utilizing biochemical and cell based assays and in vitro and in vivo drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) studies. Through the optimization of lead compound 1, several potent and selective JNK inhibitors with high oral bioavailability were developed. Inhibitor 13 was a potent JNK3 inhibitor (IC50 = 15 nM), had high selectivity against p38 (IC50 &gt; 10 muM), had high potency in functional cell based assays, and had high stability in human liver microsome (t 1/2 = 76 min), a clean CYP-450 inhibition profile, and excellent oral bioavailability (%F = 87). Moreover, cocrystal structures of compounds 13 and 22 in JNK3 were solved at 2.0 A. These structures elucidated the binding mode (Type-I binding) and can pave the way for further inhibitor design of this pyridopyrimidinone scaffold for JNK inhibition.


Pyridopyrimidinone Derivatives as Potent and Selective c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) Inhibitors.,Zheng K, Park CM, Iqbal S, Hernandez P, Park H, LoGrasso PV, Feng Y ACS Med Chem Lett. 2015 Mar 2;6(4):413-8. doi: 10.1021/ml500474d. eCollection, 2015 Apr 9. PMID:25893042<ref>PMID:25893042</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3D structures|Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4y46" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Mitogen-activated protein kinase]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Park, H]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Jnk]]
[[Category: Park H]]
[[Category: Map kinase]]
[[Category: Transferase-transferase inhibitor complex]]

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