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==Structure of human aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2, in complex with fadrozole==
==Structure of human aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2, in complex with fadrozole==
<StructureSection load='4fdh' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4fdh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.71&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='4fdh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4fdh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.71&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4fdh]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4FDH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4FDH FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4fdh]] is a 12 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4FDH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4FDH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=0T3:4-[(5R)-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDROIMIDAZO[1,5-A]PYRIDIN-5-YL]BENZONITRILE'>0T3</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.71&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4dvq|4dvq]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=0T3:4-[(5R)-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDROIMIDAZO[1,5-A]PYRIDIN-5-YL]BENZONITRILE'>0T3</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 Homo sapiens])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4fdh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4fdh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4fdh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4fdh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4fdh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4fdh ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4fdh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4fdh OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4fdh RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4fdh PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Disease ==
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/C11B2_HUMAN C11B2_HUMAN] Familial hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism type 1;Familial hyperaldosteronism type I. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The molecular defect causing hyperaldosteronism familial 1 is an anti-Lepore-type fusion of the CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 genes. The hybrid gene has the promoting part of CYP11B1, ACTH-sensitive, and the coding part of CYP11B2.
Aldosterone is a major mineralocorticoid hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of electrolyte balance and blood pressure. Excess aldosterone levels can arise from dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and are implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and heart failure. Aldosterone synthase (cytochrome P450 11B2, CYP11B2) is the sole enzyme responsible for the production of aldosterone in humans. Blocking of aldosterone synthesis by mediating aldosterone synthase activity is thus a recently emerging pharmacological therapy for hypertension, yet a lack of structural information has limited this approach. Here, we present the crystal structures of human aldosterone synthase in complex with a substrate deoxycorticosterone and an inhibitor fadrozole. The structures reveal a hydrophobic cavity with specific features associated with corticosteroid recognition. The substrate binding mode, along with biochemical data, explains the high 11beta-hydroxylase activity of aldosterone synthase toward both gluco- and mineralocorticoid formation. The low processivity of aldosterone synthase with a high extent of intermediates release might be one of the mechanisms of controlled aldosterone production from deoxycorticosterone. Although the active site pocket is lined by identical residues between CYP11B isoforms, most of the divergent residues that confer additional 18-oxidase activity of aldosterone synthase are located in the I-helix (vicinity of the O(2) activation path) and loops around the H-helix (affecting an egress channel closure required for retaining intermediates in the active site). This intrinsic flexibility is also reflected in isoform-selective inhibitor binding. Fadrozole binds to aldosterone synthase in the R-configuration, using part of the active site cavity pointing toward the egress channel. The structural organization of aldosterone synthase provides critical insights into the molecular mechanism of catalysis and enables rational design of more specific antihypertensive agents.
== Function ==
 
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/C11B2_HUMAN C11B2_HUMAN] Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of 11-deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone via corticosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone.<ref>PMID:23322723</ref>  
Structural insights into aldosterone synthase substrate specificity and targeted inhibition.,Strushkevich N, Gilep AA, Shen L, Arrowsmith CH, Edwards AM, Usanov SA, Park HW Mol Endocrinol. 2013 Feb;27(2):315-24. doi: 10.1210/me.2012-1287. Epub 2013 Jan, 15. PMID:23322723<ref>PMID:23322723</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Cytochrome P450|Cytochrome P450]]
*[[Cytochrome P450 3D structures|Cytochrome P450 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Arrowsmith, C]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Edwards, A]]
[[Category: Arrowsmith C]]
[[Category: Park, H W]]
[[Category: Edwards A]]
[[Category: Shen, L]]
[[Category: Park H-W]]
[[Category: Strushkevich, N]]
[[Category: Shen L]]
[[Category: Tempel, W]]
[[Category: Strushkevich N]]
[[Category: Usanov, S A]]
[[Category: Tempel W]]
[[Category: Aldosterone synthase]]
[[Category: Usanov SA]]
[[Category: Cyp11b2]]
[[Category: Cytochrome p450]]
[[Category: Heme protein]]
[[Category: Inhibitor]]
[[Category: Membrane]]
[[Category: Mineralocorticoid]]
[[Category: Mitochondria]]
[[Category: Monooxygenase]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase-oxidoreductase inhibitor complex]]

Latest revision as of 14:15, 1 March 2024

Structure of human aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2, in complex with fadrozoleStructure of human aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2, in complex with fadrozole

Structural highlights

4fdh is a 12 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.71Å
Ligands:,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

C11B2_HUMAN Familial hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism type 1;Familial hyperaldosteronism type I. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The molecular defect causing hyperaldosteronism familial 1 is an anti-Lepore-type fusion of the CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 genes. The hybrid gene has the promoting part of CYP11B1, ACTH-sensitive, and the coding part of CYP11B2.

Function

C11B2_HUMAN Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of 11-deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone via corticosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone.[1]

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Strushkevich N, Gilep AA, Shen L, Arrowsmith CH, Edwards AM, Usanov SA, Park HW. Structural insights into aldosterone synthase substrate specificity and targeted inhibition. Mol Endocrinol. 2013 Feb;27(2):315-24. doi: 10.1210/me.2012-1287. Epub 2013 Jan, 15. PMID:23322723 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2012-1287

4fdh, resolution 2.71Å

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