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==Structure of PPARgamma ligand binding domain in complex with (R)-5-(3-((3-(6-methoxybenzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-5-methyloxazolidine-2,4-dione==
==Structure of PPARgamma ligand binding domain in complex with (R)-5-(3-((3-(6-methoxybenzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-5-methyloxazolidine-2,4-dione==
<StructureSection load='3ty0' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3ty0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3ty0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ty0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ty0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3TY0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3TY0 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ty0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3TY0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3TY0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=082:(5R)-5-(3-{[3-(6-METHOXY-1,2-BENZOXAZOL-3-YL)-2-OXO-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-1-YL]METHYL}PHENYL)-5-METHYL-1,3-OXAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONE'>082</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">PPARG, NR1C3 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=082:(5R)-5-(3-{[3-(6-METHOXY-1,2-BENZOXAZOL-3-YL)-2-OXO-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-1-YL]METHYL}PHENYL)-5-METHYL-1,3-OXAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONE'>082</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ty0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ty0 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/3ty0 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ty0 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ty0 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ty0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ty0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ty0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ty0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ty0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ty0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ty0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN]] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer.  Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/601665 601665]]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.<ref>PMID:9753710</ref>  Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/604367 604367]]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.<ref>PMID:12453919</ref> <ref>PMID:11788685</ref>  Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/137800 137800]]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN] Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer.  Defects in PPARG may be associated with susceptibility to obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601665 601665]. It is a condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.<ref>PMID:9753710</ref>  Defects in PPARG are the cause of familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/604367 604367]. Familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous (sc) fat from the extremities. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia.<ref>PMID:12453919</ref> <ref>PMID:11788685</ref>  Genetic variations in PPARG can be associated with susceptibility to glioma type 1 (GLM1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/137800 137800]. Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Note=Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN]] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.<ref>PMID:9065481</ref> <ref>PMID:16150867</ref> <ref>PMID:20829347</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARG_HUMAN PPARG_HUMAN] Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to a promoter element in the gene for acyl-CoA oxidase and activates its transcription. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.<ref>PMID:9065481</ref> <ref>PMID:16150867</ref> <ref>PMID:20829347</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A series of benzimidazolone carboxylic acids and oxazolidinediones were designed and synthesized in search of selective PPARgamma modulators (SPPARgammaMs) as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with potentially improved safety profiles relative to rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, the currently marketed PPARgamma full agonist drugs. Structure-activity relationships of these potent and highly selective SPPARgammaMs were studied with a focus on their unique profiles as partial agonists or modulators. A variety of methods, such as X-ray crystallographic analysis, PPARgamma transactivation co-activator profiling, gene expression profiling and mutagenesis studies, were employed to reveal the differential interactions of these new analogs with the PPARgamma receptor in comparison to full agonists. In rodent models of T2DM, benzimidazolone analogs such as (5R)-5-(3-{[3-(5-methoxybenzisoxazol-3-yl)benzimidazol-1-yl]methyl}phenyl) -5-methyloxazolidinedione (51) demonstrated equivalent efficacy to rosiglitazone. Side effects, such as fluid retention and heart weight gain associated with PPARgamma full agonists, were diminished with 51 in comparison to rosiglitazone based on studies in two independent animal models.


Benzimidazolones - A New Class of Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARg) Modulators.,Liu W, Lau F, Liu K, Wood HB, Zhou G, Chen Y, Li Y, Akiyama TE, Castriota G, Einstein M, Wang C, McCann ME, Doebber TW, Wu M, Chang CH, McNamara L, McKeever B, Mosley RT, Berger J, Meinke PT J Med Chem. 2011 Nov 9. PMID:22070604<ref>PMID:22070604</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures|Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3ty0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Liu, W]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: McKeever, B]]
[[Category: Liu W]]
[[Category: Meinke, P M]]
[[Category: McKeever B]]
[[Category: Soisson, S M]]
[[Category: Meinke PM]]
[[Category: Nuclear receptor ligand binding domain]]
[[Category: Soisson SM]]
[[Category: Transcription regulator]]

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