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<StructureSection load='2hht' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2hht]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.05&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2hht' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2hht]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.05&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2hht]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atcc_12980 Atcc 12980]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2HHT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2HHT FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2hht]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus Geobacillus stearothermophilus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2HHT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2HHT FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GLC:ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE'>GLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FRU:FRUCTOSE'>FRU</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.05&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=6OG:6-O-METHYL+GUANOSINE-5-MONOPHOSPHATE'>6OG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=6OG:6-O-METHYL+GUANOSINE-5-MONOPHOSPHATE'>6OG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FRU:FRUCTOSE'>FRU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLC:ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE'>GLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PRD_900003:sucrose'>PRD_900003</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2hhq|2hhq]], [[2hhs|2hhs]], [[2hhu|2hhu]], [[2hhv|2hhv]], [[2hhw|2hhw]], [[2hhx|2hhx]], [[2hhy|2hhy]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">polA ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=1422 ATCC 12980])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2hht FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2hht OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2hht PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2hht RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2hht PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2hht ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2hht FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2hht OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2hht PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2hht RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2hht PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2hht ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q45458_GEOSE Q45458_GEOSE] In addition to polymerase activity, this DNA polymerase exhibits 5'-3' exonuclease activity.[RuleBase:RU004460]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2hht ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2hht ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Methylating agents are widespread environmental carcinogens that generate a broad spectrum of DNA damage. Methylation at the guanine O(6) position confers the greatest mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. DNA polymerases insert cytosine and thymine with similar efficiency opposite O(6)-methyl-guanine (O6MeG). We combined pre-steady-state kinetic analysis and a series of nine x-ray crystal structures to contrast the reaction pathways of accurate and mutagenic replication of O6MeG in a high-fidelity DNA polymerase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Polymerases achieve substrate specificity by selecting for nucleotides with shape and hydrogen-bonding patterns that complement a canonical DNA template. Our structures reveal that both thymine and cytosine O6MeG base pairs evade proofreading by mimicking the essential molecular features of canonical substrates. The steric mimicry depends on stabilization of a rare cytosine tautomer in C.O6MeG-polymerase complexes. An unusual electrostatic interaction between O-methyl protons and a thymine carbonyl oxygen helps stabilize T.O6MeG pairs bound to DNA polymerase. Because DNA methylators constitute an important class of chemotherapeutic agents, the molecular mechanisms of replication of these DNA lesions are important for our understanding of both the genesis and treatment of cancer.


The structural basis for the mutagenicity of O(6)-methyl-guanine lesions.,Warren JJ, Forsberg LJ, Beese LS Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 26;103(52):19701-6. Epub 2006 Dec 18. PMID:17179038<ref>PMID:17179038</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[DNA polymerase 3D structures|DNA polymerase 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2hht" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Atcc 12980]]
[[Category: Geobacillus stearothermophilus]]
[[Category: DNA-directed DNA polymerase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Beese, L S]]
[[Category: Beese LS]]
[[Category: Forsberg, L J]]
[[Category: Forsberg LJ]]
[[Category: Warren, J J]]
[[Category: Warren JJ]]
[[Category: Dna polymerase i]]
[[Category: Dna replication]]
[[Category: Klenow fragment]]
[[Category: O6-methyl-guanine]]
[[Category: Protein-dna complex]]
[[Category: Transferase-dna complex]]

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