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[[Image:1uro.gif|left|200px]]


{{Structure
==UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE==
|PDB= 1uro |SIZE=350|CAPTION= <scene name='initialview01'>1uro</scene>, resolution 1.80&Aring;
<StructureSection load='1uro' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1uro]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
|SITE=  
== Structural highlights ==
|LIGAND= <scene name='pdbligand=BME:BETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL'>BME</scene>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1uro]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1URO OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1URO FirstGlance]. <br>
|ACTIVITY= <span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uroporphyrinogen_decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.1.1.37 4.1.1.37] </span>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.8&#8491;</td></tr>
|GENE=  
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BME:BETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL'>BME</scene></td></tr>
|DOMAIN=
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1uro FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1uro OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1uro PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1uro RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1uro PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1uro ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
|RELATEDENTRY=
</table>
|RESOURCES=<span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1uro FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1uro OCA], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1uro PDBsum], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1uro RCSB]</span>
== Disease ==
}}
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DCUP_HUMAN DCUP_HUMAN] Defects in UROD are the cause of familial porphyria cutanea tarda (FPCT) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/176100 176100]; also known as porphyria cutanea tarda type II. FPCT is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by light-sensitive dermatitis, with onset in later life. It is associated with the excretion of large amounts of uroporphyrin in the urine. Iron overload is often present in association with varying degrees of liver damage. Besides the familial form of PCT, a relatively common idiosyncratic form is known in which only the liver enzyme is reduced. This form is referred to as porphyria cutanea tarda "sporadic" type or type I [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/176090 176090]. PCT type I occurs sporadically as an unusual accompaniment of common hepatic disorders such as alcohol-associated liver disease.<ref>PMID:2243121</ref> <ref>PMID:11719352</ref> <ref>PMID:2920211</ref> <ref>PMID:7706766</ref> <ref>PMID:8896428</ref> <ref>PMID:9792863</ref> <ref>PMID:10338097</ref> <ref>PMID:10477430</ref> <ref>PMID:11069625</ref> <ref>PMID:11295834</ref>  Defects in UROD are the cause of hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (HEP) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/176100 176100]. HEP is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. It is the severe form of cutaneous porphyria, and presents in infancy. The level of UROD is very low in erythrocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts, suggesting that HEP is the homozygous state for porphyria cutanea tarda.<ref>PMID:8896428</ref> <ref>PMID:8644733</ref> <ref>PMID:3775362</ref> <ref>PMID:1905636</ref> <ref>PMID:1634232</ref> <ref>PMID:8176248</ref> <ref>PMID:12071824</ref> <ref>PMID:15491440</ref> <ref>PMID:17240319</ref> <ref>PMID:21668429</ref>
 
== Function ==
'''UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE'''
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DCUP_HUMAN DCUP_HUMAN] Catalyzes the decarboxylation of four acetate groups of uroporphyrinogen-III to yield coproporphyrinogen-III.
 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
 
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
==Overview==
Check<jmol>
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D) catalyzes the fifth step in the heme biosynthetic pathway, converting uroporphyrinogen to coproporphyrinogen by decarboxylating the four acetate side chains of the substrate. This activity is essential in all organisms, and subnormal activity of URO-D leads to the most common form of porphyria in humans, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). We have determined the crystal structure of recombinant human URO-D at 1.60 A resolution. The 40.8 kDa protein is comprised of a single domain containing a (beta/alpha)8-barrel with a deep active site cleft formed by loops at the C-terminal ends of the barrel strands. Many conserved residues cluster at this cleft, including the invariant side chains of Arg37, Arg41 and His339, which probably function in substrate binding, and Asp86, Tyr164 and Ser219, which may function in either binding or catalysis. URO-D is a dimer in solution (Kd = 0.1 microM), and this dimer also appears to be formed in the crystal. Assembly of the dimer juxtaposes the active site clefts of the monomers, suggesting a functionally important interaction between the catalytic centers.
  <jmolCheckbox>
 
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ur/1uro_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
==About this Structure==
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
1URO is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1URO OCA].  
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
 
  </jmolCheckbox>
==Reference==
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1uro ConSurf].
Crystal structure of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase., Whitby FG, Phillips JD, Kushner JP, Hill CP, EMBO J. 1998 May 1;17(9):2463-71. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9564029 9564029]
<div style="clear:both"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase]]
[[Category: Hill CP]]
[[Category: Hill, C P.]]
[[Category: Kushner JP]]
[[Category: Kushner, J P.]]
[[Category: Phillips JD]]
[[Category: Phillips, J D.]]
[[Category: Whitby FG]]
[[Category: Whitby, F G.]]
[[Category: alpha-8-beta-8 barrel]]
[[Category: decarboxylase]]
[[Category: heme biosynthesis]]
[[Category: porphyrin]]
[[Category: uroporphyrinogen]]
 
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