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[[Image:1qbg.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1qbg" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="1qbg, resolution 2.3&Aring;" />
'''CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DT-DIAPHORASE (NAD(P)H OXIDOREDUCTASE)'''<br />


==Overview==
==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DT-DIAPHORASE (NAD(P)H OXIDOREDUCTASE)==
The crystal structure of human DT-diaphorase (NAD(P)H oxidoreductase (quinone); EC 1.6.99.2) has been determined to 2.3 A resolution. There are only minor differences in shape and volume between the active sites of the rat and human enzymes and in the hydrophobic environment in the vicinity of the substrate. The isoalloxazine ring of the bound FAD is more buried in the human structure. Molecular modeling was used to examine optimal positions for the antitumor prodrug CB1954 (5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide) in both the human and rat enzyme active sites. This suggests that the position of CB1954 in the active site of the human enzyme is very similar to that in the rat, although there are detailed differences in the predicted patterns of hydrogen bonding between side chains and the drug. Some of the differences are a consequence of the shift in position for the FAD molecule and may contribute to the observed differences in rate of the two-electron reduction of CB1954.
<StructureSection load='1qbg' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1qbg]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1qbg]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1QBG OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1QBG FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1qbg FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1qbg OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1qbg PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1qbg RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1qbg PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1qbg ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NQO1_HUMAN NQO1_HUMAN] The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinons involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/qb/1qbg_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1qbg ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>


==Disease==
==See Also==
Known diseases associated with this structure: Benzene toxicity, susceptibility to OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=125860 125860]], Leukemia, post-chemotherapy, susceptibility to OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=125860 125860]]
*[[Quinone reductase 3D structures|Quinone reductase 3D structures]]
 
__TOC__
==About this Structure==
</StructureSection>
1QBG is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] with <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:'>FAD</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligand ligand]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAD(P)H_dehydrogenase_(quinone) NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.6.5.2 1.6.5.2] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1QBG OCA].
 
==Reference==
Crystal structure of human DT-diaphorase: a model for interaction with the cytotoxic prodrug 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954)., Skelly JV, Sanderson MR, Suter DA, Baumann U, Read MA, Gregory DS, Bennett M, Hobbs SM, Neidle S, J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4325-30. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=10543876 10543876]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Baumann U]]
[[Category: Baumann, U.]]
[[Category: Bennett M]]
[[Category: Bennett, M.]]
[[Category: Gregory DS]]
[[Category: Gregory, D S.]]
[[Category: Hobbs SM]]
[[Category: Hobbs, S M.]]
[[Category: Neidle S]]
[[Category: Neidle, S.]]
[[Category: Sanderson MR]]
[[Category: Sanderson, M R.]]
[[Category: Skelly JV]]
[[Category: Skelly, J V.]]
[[Category: Suter DA]]
[[Category: Suter, D A.]]
[[Category: FAD]]
[[Category: dt-diaphorase]]
[[Category: fad]]
[[Category: oxidoreductase]]
[[Category: quinone]]
 
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