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==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE BINUCLEAR MANGANESE METALLOENZYME ARGINASE COMPLEXED WITH S-(2-BORONOETHYL)-L-CYSTEINE, AN L-ARGININE ANALOGUE==
==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE BINUCLEAR MANGANESE METALLOENZYME ARGINASE COMPLEXED WITH S-(2-BORONOETHYL)-L-CYSTEINE, AN L-ARGININE ANALOGUE==
<StructureSection load='1hq5' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1hq5]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1hq5' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1hq5]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hq5]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HQ5 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HQ5 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1hq5]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1HQ5 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1HQ5 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MN:MANGANESE+(II)+ION'>MN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=S2C:S-2-(BORONOETHYL)-L-CYSTEINE'>S2C</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1d3v|1d3v]], [[1rla|1rla]]</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MN:MANGANESE+(II)+ION'>MN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=S2C:S-2-(BORONOETHYL)-L-CYSTEINE'>S2C</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginase Arginase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.5.3.1 3.5.3.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hq5 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hq5 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1hq5 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hq5 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hq5 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1hq5 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1hq5 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1hq5 OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1hq5 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1hq5 PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ARGI1_RAT ARGI1_RAT]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
Check<jmol>
   <jmolCheckbox>
   <jmolCheckbox>
     <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hq/1hq5_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hq/1hq5_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
     <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
   </jmolCheckbox>
   </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1hq5 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The boronic acid-based arginine analogue S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine (BEC) has been synthesized and assayed as a slow-binding competitive inhibitor of the binuclear manganese metalloenzyme arginase. Kinetic measurements indicate a K(I) value of 0.4-0.6 microM, which is in reasonable agreement with the dissociation constant of 2.22 microM measured by isothermal titration calorimetry. The X-ray crystal structure of the arginase-BEC complex has been determined at 2.3 A resolution from crystals perfectly twinned by hemihedry. The structure of the complex reveals that the boronic acid moiety undergoes nucleophilic attack by metal-bridging hydroxide ion to yield a tetrahedral boronate anion that bridges the binuclear manganese cluster, thereby mimicking the tetrahedral intermediate (and its flanking transition states) in the arginine hydrolysis reaction. Accordingly, the binding mode of BEC is consistent with the structure-based mechanism proposed for arginase as outlined in Cox et al. [Cox, J. D., Cama, E., Colleluori D. M., Pethe, S., Boucher, J. S., Mansuy, D., Ash, D. E., and Christianson, D. W. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 2689-2701.]. Since BEC does not inhibit nitric oxide synthase, BEC serves as a valuable reagent to probe the physiological relationship between arginase and nitric oxide (NO) synthase in regulating the NO-dependent smooth muscle relaxation in human penile corpus cavernosum tissue that is required for erection. Consequently, we demonstrate that arginase is present in human penile corpus cavernosum tissue, and that the arginase inhibitor BEC causes significant enhancement of NO-dependent smooth muscle relaxation in this tissue. Therefore, human penile arginase is a potential target for the treatment of sexual dysfunction in the male.
Probing erectile function: S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine binds to arginase as a transition state analogue and enhances smooth muscle relaxation in human penile corpus cavernosum.,Kim NN, Cox JD, Baggio RF, Emig FA, Mistry SK, Harper SL, Speicher DW, Morris SM Jr, Ash DE, Traish A, Christianson DW Biochemistry. 2001 Mar 6;40(9):2678-88. PMID:11258879<ref>PMID:11258879</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Arginase|Arginase]]
*[[Arginase 3D structures|Arginase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Arginase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Ash, D E]]
[[Category: Ash DE]]
[[Category: Baggio, R F]]
[[Category: Baggio RF]]
[[Category: Christianson, D W]]
[[Category: Christianson DW]]
[[Category: Cox, J D]]
[[Category: Cox JD]]
[[Category: Emig, F A]]
[[Category: Emig FA]]
[[Category: Harper, S L]]
[[Category: Harper SL]]
[[Category: Kim, N N]]
[[Category: Kim NN]]
[[Category: Mistry, S K]]
[[Category: Mistry SK]]
[[Category: Morris, S M]]
[[Category: Morris Jr SM]]
[[Category: Speicher, D W]]
[[Category: Speicher DW]]
[[Category: Traish, A]]
[[Category: Traish A]]
[[Category: Binuclear manganese cluster]]
[[Category: Boronic acid inhibitor]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Perfectly twinned crystal]]

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