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<StructureSection load='1cin' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1cin]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1cin' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1cin]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1cin]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1CIN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1CIN FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1cin]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1CIN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1CIN FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MMC:METHYL+MERCURY+ION'>MMC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MTS:(4S-TRANS)-4-(METHYLAMINO)-5,6-DIHYDRO-6-METHYL-4H-THIENO(2,3-B)THIOPYRAN-2-SULFONAMIDE-7,7-DIOXIDE'>MTS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_dehydratase Carbonate dehydratase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.2.1.1 4.2.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MMC:METHYL+MERCURY+ION'>MMC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MTS:(4S-TRANS)-4-(METHYLAMINO)-5,6-DIHYDRO-6-METHYL-4H-THIENO(2,3-B)THIOPYRAN-2-SULFONAMIDE-7,7-DIOXIDE'>MTS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1cin FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1cin OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1cin PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1cin RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1cin PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1cin ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1cin FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1cin OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1cin PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1cin RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1cin PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1cin ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN]] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/259730 259730]]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.<ref>PMID:1928091</ref> <ref>PMID:1542674</ref> <ref>PMID:8834238</ref> <ref>PMID:9143915</ref> <ref>PMID:15300855</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN] Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/259730 259730]; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.<ref>PMID:1928091</ref> <ref>PMID:1542674</ref> <ref>PMID:8834238</ref> <ref>PMID:9143915</ref> <ref>PMID:15300855</ref>  
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN]] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.<ref>PMID:10550681</ref> <ref>PMID:11831900</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CAH2_HUMAN CAH2_HUMAN] Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.<ref>PMID:10550681</ref> <ref>PMID:11831900</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1cin ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1cin ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The 3-dimensional structure of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCAII; EC 4.2.1.1) complexed with 3 structurally related inhibitors, 1a, 1b, and 1c, has been determined by X-ray crystallographic methods. The 3 inhibitors (1a = C8H12N2O4S3) vary only in the length of the substituent on the 4-amino group: 1a, proton; 1b, methyl; and 1c, ethyl. The binding constants (Ki's) for 1a, 1b, and 1c to HCAII are 1.52, 1.88, and 0.37 nM, respectively. These structures were solved to learn if any structural cause could be found for the difference in binding. In the complex with inhibitors 1a and 1b, electron density can be observed for His-64 and a bound water molecule in the native positions. When inhibitor 1c is bound, the side chain attached to the 4-amino group is positioned so that His-64 can only occupy the alternate position and the bound water is absent. While a variety of factors contribute to the observed binding constants, the major reason 1c binds tighter to HCAII than does 1a or 1b appears to be entropy: the increase in entropy when the bound water molecule is released contributes to the increase in binding and overcomes the small penalty for putting the His-64 side chain in a higher energy state.
Positions of His-64 and a bound water in human carbonic anhydrase II upon binding three structurally related inhibitors.,Smith GM, Alexander RS, Christianson DW, McKeever BM, Ponticello GS, Springer JP, Randall WC, Baldwin JJ, Habecker CN Protein Sci. 1994 Jan;3(1):118-25. PMID:8142888<ref>PMID:8142888</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1cin" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Carbonate dehydratase]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Alexander, R S]]
[[Category: Alexander RS]]
[[Category: Baldwin, J J]]
[[Category: Baldwin JJ]]
[[Category: Christianson, D W]]
[[Category: Christianson DW]]
[[Category: Habecker, C N]]
[[Category: Habecker CN]]
[[Category: Mckeever, B M]]
[[Category: Mckeever BM]]
[[Category: Ponticello, G S]]
[[Category: Ponticello GS]]
[[Category: Randall, W C]]
[[Category: Randall WC]]
[[Category: Smith, G M]]
[[Category: Smith GM]]
[[Category: Springer, J P]]
[[Category: Springer JP]]

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