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[[Image:4ahh.jpg|left|200px]]


{{STRUCTURE_4ahh| PDB=4ahh | SCENE= }}
==R31K - Angiogenin mutants and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - a biochemical and biological analysis==
<StructureSection load='4ahh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4ahh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4ahh]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4AHH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4AHH FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.498&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=TLA:L(+)-TARTARIC+ACID'>TLA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ahh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4ahh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4ahh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4ahh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4ahh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4ahh ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANGI_HUMAN ANGI_HUMAN] Defects in ANG are the cause of susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9 (ALS9) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/611895 611895]. ALS is a degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the cortex, brain stem and spinal cord. ALS is characterized by muscular weakness and atrophy.<ref>PMID:17886298</ref> <ref>PMID:15557516</ref> <ref>PMID:16501576</ref> <ref>PMID:17900154</ref> <ref>PMID:18087731</ref> <ref>PMID:17703939</ref>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANGI_HUMAN ANGI_HUMAN] May function as a tRNA-specific ribonuclease that abolishes protein synthesis by specifically hydrolyzing cellular tRNAs. Binds to actin on the surface of endothelial cells; once bound, angiogenin is endocytosed and translocated to the nucleus. Angiogenin induces vascularization of normal and malignant tissues. Angiogenic activity is regulated by interaction with RNH1 in vivo.<ref>PMID:1400510</ref> <ref>PMID:19354288</ref>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Mutations in angiogenin (ANG), a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; sporadic and familial) and Parkinson's disease. We have previously shown that ANG is expressed in neurons during neuro-ectodermal differentiation, and that it has both neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions. Here we report the atomic resolution structure of native ANG and 11 ANG-ALS variants. We correlate the structural changes to the effects on neuronal survival and the ability to induce stress granules in neuronal cell lines. ANG-ALS variants that affect the structure of the catalytic site and either decrease or increase the RNase activity affect neuronal survival. Neuronal cell lines expressing the ANG-ALS variants also lack the ability to form stress granules. Our structure-function studies on these ANG-ALS variants are the first to provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying their role in ALS.


===R31K - Angiogenin mutants and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - a biochemical and biological analysis===
Structural and molecular insights into the mechanism of action of human angiogenin-ALS variants in neurons.,Thiyagarajan N, Ferguson R, Subramanian V, Acharya KR Nat Commun. 2012 Oct 9;3:1121. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2126. PMID:23047679<ref>PMID:23047679</ref>


From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4ahh" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==About this Structure==
==See Also==
[[4ahh]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4AHH OCA].
*[[Ribonuclease 3D structures|Ribonuclease 3D structures]]
[[Category: Acharya, K R.]]
== References ==
[[Category: Ferguson, R.]]
<references/>
[[Category: Pham, T.]]
__TOC__
[[Category: Saha, S.]]
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Subramanian, V.]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Thiyagarajan, N.]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Amyotrophic]]
[[Category: Acharya KR]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Ferguson R]]
[[Category: Lateral sclerosis]]
[[Category: Pham T]]
[[Category: Neovascularisation]]
[[Category: Saha S]]
[[Category: Subramanian V]]
[[Category: Thiyagarajan N]]

Latest revision as of 14:27, 20 December 2023

R31K - Angiogenin mutants and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - a biochemical and biological analysisR31K - Angiogenin mutants and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - a biochemical and biological analysis

Structural highlights

4ahh is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.498Å
Ligands:
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

ANGI_HUMAN Defects in ANG are the cause of susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9 (ALS9) [MIM:611895. ALS is a degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the cortex, brain stem and spinal cord. ALS is characterized by muscular weakness and atrophy.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Function

ANGI_HUMAN May function as a tRNA-specific ribonuclease that abolishes protein synthesis by specifically hydrolyzing cellular tRNAs. Binds to actin on the surface of endothelial cells; once bound, angiogenin is endocytosed and translocated to the nucleus. Angiogenin induces vascularization of normal and malignant tissues. Angiogenic activity is regulated by interaction with RNH1 in vivo.[7] [8]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Mutations in angiogenin (ANG), a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; sporadic and familial) and Parkinson's disease. We have previously shown that ANG is expressed in neurons during neuro-ectodermal differentiation, and that it has both neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions. Here we report the atomic resolution structure of native ANG and 11 ANG-ALS variants. We correlate the structural changes to the effects on neuronal survival and the ability to induce stress granules in neuronal cell lines. ANG-ALS variants that affect the structure of the catalytic site and either decrease or increase the RNase activity affect neuronal survival. Neuronal cell lines expressing the ANG-ALS variants also lack the ability to form stress granules. Our structure-function studies on these ANG-ALS variants are the first to provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying their role in ALS.

Structural and molecular insights into the mechanism of action of human angiogenin-ALS variants in neurons.,Thiyagarajan N, Ferguson R, Subramanian V, Acharya KR Nat Commun. 2012 Oct 9;3:1121. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2126. PMID:23047679[9]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Wu D, Yu W, Kishikawa H, Folkerth RD, Iafrate AJ, Shen Y, Xin W, Sims K, Hu GF. Angiogenin loss-of-function mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2007 Dec;62(6):609-17. PMID:17886298 doi:10.1002/ana.21221
  2. ↑ Greenway MJ, Alexander MD, Ennis S, Traynor BJ, Corr B, Frost E, Green A, Hardiman O. A novel candidate region for ALS on chromosome 14q11.2. Neurology. 2004 Nov 23;63(10):1936-8. PMID:15557516
  3. ↑ Greenway MJ, Andersen PM, Russ C, Ennis S, Cashman S, Donaghy C, Patterson V, Swingler R, Kieran D, Prehn J, Morrison KE, Green A, Acharya KR, Brown RH Jr, Hardiman O. ANG mutations segregate with familial and 'sporadic' amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Genet. 2006 Apr;38(4):411-3. Epub 2006 Feb 26. PMID:16501576 doi:10.1038/ng1742
  4. ↑ Crabtree B, Thiyagarajan N, Prior SH, Wilson P, Iyer S, Ferns T, Shapiro R, Brew K, Subramanian V, Acharya KR. Characterization of human angiogenin variants implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Biochemistry. 2007 Oct 23;46(42):11810-8. Epub 2007 Sep 27. PMID:17900154 doi:10.1021/bi701333h
  5. ↑ Gellera C, Colombrita C, Ticozzi N, Castellotti B, Bragato C, Ratti A, Taroni F, Silani V. Identification of new ANG gene mutations in a large cohort of Italian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurogenetics. 2008 Feb;9(1):33-40. Epub 2007 Dec 18. PMID:18087731 doi:10.1007/s10048-007-0111-3
  6. ↑ Conforti FL, Sprovieri T, Mazzei R, Ungaro C, La Bella V, Tessitore A, Patitucci A, Magariello A, Gabriele AL, Tedeschi G, Simone IL, Majorana G, Valentino P, Condino F, Bono F, Monsurro MR, Muglia M, Quattrone A. A novel Angiogenin gene mutation in a sporadic patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from southern Italy. Neuromuscul Disord. 2008 Jan;18(1):68-70. Epub 2007 Aug 20. PMID:17703939 doi:S0960-8966(07)00676-1
  7. ↑ Saxena SK, Rybak SM, Davey RT Jr, Youle RJ, Ackerman EJ. Angiogenin is a cytotoxic, tRNA-specific ribonuclease in the RNase A superfamily. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 25;267(30):21982-6. PMID:1400510
  8. ↑ Dickson KA, Kang DK, Kwon YS, Kim JC, Leland PA, Kim BM, Chang SI, Raines RT. Ribonuclease inhibitor regulates neovascularization by human angiogenin. Biochemistry. 2009 May 12;48(18):3804-6. doi: 10.1021/bi9005094. PMID:19354288 doi:10.1021/bi9005094
  9. ↑ Thiyagarajan N, Ferguson R, Subramanian V, Acharya KR. Structural and molecular insights into the mechanism of action of human angiogenin-ALS variants in neurons. Nat Commun. 2012 Oct 9;3:1121. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2126. PMID:23047679 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2126

4ahh, resolution 2.50Å

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