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| <StructureSection load='6acg' size='340' side='right' caption='Human SARS coronavirus trimer (grey, green, pink) complex with its ligand ACE2 (yellow) (PDB code [[6acg]])' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='3kbh' size='340' side='right' caption='Human coronavirus NL63 spike glycoprotein (magenta) complex with its ligand ACE2 (green) (PDB code [[3kbh]])' scene='84/840522/Cv/2'> |
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| == Function == | | == Function == |
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| The viral '''spike protein''' (Spi) binds the virus to its host cell via the cell's receptor: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The trimeric 2019-nCoV Spi binds to ACE2 at least 10 times more tightly than SARS coronavirus Spi. | | The coronavirus '''spike protein''' (Spi, also called ''protein S'') binds the virus to its host cell via the cell's receptor: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The trimeric 2019-nCoV Spi binds to ACE2 at least 10 times more tightly than SARS coronavirus <ref>PMID:32075877</ref>. See also |
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| | *[[Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme#ACEII and SARS|ACEII and SARS]]<br /> |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 protein S]]<br /> |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutations]]<br /> |
| | *[[Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)]]<br /> |
| | * and the animation at [[SARS-CoV-2 protein S priming by furin]] and [[SARS-CoV-2 spike protein fusion transformation]] |
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| == Disease == | | == Disease == |
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| == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
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| </StructureSection> | | The SARS-CoV Spi receptor binding domain complex with its cellular receptor - ACE2 - shows the <scene name='84/840522/Cv/3'>interactions</scene> to ACE2 "hot spot"<ref>PMID:19901337</ref>. |
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| | == See Also == |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 protein S]] |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 protein S priming by furin]] where the priming step induced by furin cleavage is '''animated'''. |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 spike protein fusion transformation]] with an '''animation''' and explanation of the membrane fusion mechanism. |
| | *[[SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutations]] |
| | *[[Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)]] |
| | *[[User:Andre Wu Le Chun/Sandbox 1|Prefusion 2019-nCoV spike glycoprotein with a single receptor-binding domain up]] about [[6vsb]] |
| | *[[Spike Protein (Hebrew)]] |
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| == 3D Structures of spike protein == | | == 3D Structures of spike protein == |
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| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
| | [[Spike protein 3D structures]] |
| {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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| * Human virus spike protein; Domain Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) 318-510; HR1 910-1054; HR2 1162-1286
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| **[[5wrg]], [[5xlr]], [[6acc]], [[6acd]] – hscvSpi – human SARS-CoV – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6crv]], [[6crw]], [[6crx]], [[6crz]], [[6cs0]], [[6cs1]] – hscvSpi (mutant) – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[1wnc]] – hscvSpi HR1 motif <br />
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| **[[2fxp]] – hscvSpi HR2 motif - NMR<br />
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| **[[2ghv]] – hscvSpi RBD<br />
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| **[[5xjk]] – hscvSpi 758-821 - NMR<br />
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| **[[1wyy]] – hscvSpi 885-1189<br />
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| **[[1zv7]], [[1zv8]], [[1zva]], [[1zvb]] – hscvSpi 1150-1193<br />
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| **[[6u7h]] – hcv229Spi – human coronavirus 229E – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[5zuv]], [[5zvm]] – hcv229Spi HR1 motif 785-873 <br />
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| **[[5yl9]], [[5zhy]] – hcv229Spi HR1+HR2 motifs<br />
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| **[[5x58]], [[5x5b]] – Spi – human SARS coronavirus BJ01 – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6vsb]], [[6vxx]], [[6vyb]] – hsc2Spi – human SARS coronavirus 2 – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6lxt]] – hscSpi HR1+HR2 motifs<br />
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| **[[5szs]] – hcnSpi – human coronavirus NL63 - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[2ieq]] – hcnSpi HR1+HR2 motifs <br />
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| **[[5gnb]], [[5kwb]] – Spi RBD - human beta coronavirus<br />
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| **[[6cv0]] – Spi – infectious bronchitis coronavirus – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[5fyn]] – Spi ectodomain - puumala virus - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[5x59]], [[5x5c]], [[5x5f]], [[6q04]], [[6q05]], [[6q06]], [[6q07]] – McvSpi – MERS coronavirus virus – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[5x4r]], [[5x4s]] – McvSpi N-terminal – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[5vyh]] – McvSpi N-terminal<br />
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| **[[4zpw]], [[4kqz]] – McvSpi RBD<br />
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| **[[4mod]] – McvSpi HR1+HR2 motifs <br />
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| **[[2lcz]], [[2lcy]] - ZevSpi fusion loop 507-560 - Zaire ebolavirus - NMR<br />
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| **[[2m5f]], [[2mb1]] - ZevSpi fusion loop (mutant) - NMR<br />
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| * Human virus spike protein complex
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| **[[2ajf]] – hscvSpi RBD + ACEH<br />
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| **[[6nb6]], [[6nb7]] – hscvSpi + antibody - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[2ghw]], [[3bgf]], [[2dd8]] – hscvSpi RBD + antibody<br />
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| **[[6lzg]] – hscvSpi RBD + ACE2<br />
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| **[[6acg]], [[6acj]], [[6ack]], [[6cs2]] – hscvSpi + ACE2 - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[6atk]], [[6u7f]], [[6u7g]], [[6u7e]] – hcv229Spi RBD + aminopeptidase <br />
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| **[[6m0j]], [[3d0g]], [[3d0h]], [[3d0i]], [[3sci]], [[3scj]], [[3sck]], [[3scl]] – hsc2Spi RBD + ACE2<br />
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| **[[5w41]] – hsc2Spi RBD + antibody<br />
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| **[[3kbh]] – hcnSpi RBD + ACE2<br />
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| **[[4kr0]] – McvSpi RBD + CD26<br />
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| **[[6pz8]], [[5w9h]], [[5w9i]], [[5w9j]], [[5w9k]], [[5w9l]], [[5w9m]], [[5w9n]], [[5w9o]], [[5w9p]] – McvSpi + antibody – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6j11]] – McvSpi N-terminal + antibody<br />
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| **[[5yy5]], [[5zxv]], [[4zpt]], [[4zpv]], [[5do2]], [[6c6y]], [[6c6z]], [[4xak]], [[5gmq]] – McvSpi RBD + antibody<br />
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| **[[4l72]] – McvSpi RBD + DPP4<br />
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| **[[5zvk]] – McvSpi HR1 motif 984-1062 + peptide inhibitor<br />
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| **[[6pci]], [[6qd8]] – ZevSpi + antibody – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6uye]] – ZevSpi + SGP – Cryo EM <br />
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| *Non-human virus spike protein
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| **[[4h14]] – Spi lectin domain 7-290 - bovine coronavirus<br />
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| **[[6b7n]], [[6bfu]] – Spi – porcine delta coronavirus – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6u7k]], [[6vv5]] – Spi – porcine epidemic diarrhea virus – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[6qfy]] – Spi lectin domain 15-300 - porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus<br />>
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| **[[6jhy]] – Spi N-terminal – camel coronavirus HKU23<br />
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| **[[6jx7]] – Spi – feline infectious peritonitis virus – Cryo EM <br />
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| **[[1wdf]], [[1wdg]] – mhvSpi – murine hepatitis virus<br />
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| **[[3jcl]] – mhvSpi – Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[6b3o]] – mcvSpi residues 718-1252 - murine coronavirus - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[5gyq]] – bcvSpi RBD - bat coronavirus<br />
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| **[[5xgr]] – bcvSpi C-terminal<br />
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| **[[6orj]] – Spi - Pseudomonas virus phikz164i<br />
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| **[[2vvd]], [[2vve]] – Spi RBD - Pseudoalteromonas phage PM2<br />
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| **[[3aqj]] – Spi 87-211 - Enterobacteria phage P2<br />
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| *Non-human virus spike protein complex
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| **[[4fsc]] – Spi RBD + aminopeptidase – porcine respiratory coronavirus <br />
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| **[[6vsj]] – mcvSpi + MHV-R - Cryo EM<br />
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| **[[4qzv]] – bcvSpi RBD + DPP4<br />
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| }}
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| == References == | | == References == |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
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| | </StructureSection> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |