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==Structure of ENPP6, a choline-specific glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase in complex with phosphocholine== | |||
<StructureSection load='5egh' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5egh]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80Å' scene=''> | |||
== Structural highlights == | |||
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5egh]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5EGH OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5EGH FirstGlance]. <br> | |||
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.803Å</td></tr> | |||
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FUL:BETA-L-FUCOSE'>FUL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PC:PHOSPHOCHOLINE'>PC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | |||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5egh FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5egh OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5egh PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5egh RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5egh PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5egh ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | |||
</table> | |||
== Function == | |||
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENPP6_MOUSE ENPP6_MOUSE] Choline-specific glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase. The preferred substrate may be lysosphingomyelin (By similarity). Hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to form monoacylglycerol and phosphorylcholine but not lysophosphatidic acid, showing it has a lysophospholipase C activity. Has a preference for LPC with short (12:0 and 14:0) or polyunsaturated (18:2 and 20:4) fatty acids. Also hydrolyzes glycerophosphorylcholine and sphingosylphosphorylcholine efficiently. Hydrolyzes the classical substrate for phospholipase C, p-nitrophenyl phosphorylcholine in vitro, while it does not hydrolyze the classical nucleotide phosphodiesterase substrate, p-nitrophenyl thymidine 5'-monophosphate. Does not hydrolyze diacyl phospholipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acid (By similarity).<ref>PMID:15788404</ref> | |||
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | |||
== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | |||
Choline is an essential nutrient for all living cells and is produced extracellularly by sequential degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC). However, little is known about how choline is produced extracellularly. Here, we report that ENPP6, a choline-specific phosphodiesterase, hydrolyzes glycerophosphocholine (GPC), a degradation product of PC, as a physiological substrate and participates in choline metabolism. ENPP6 is highly expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and developing oligodendrocytes, which actively incorporate choline and synthesize PC. ENPP6-deficient mice exhibited fatty liver and hypomyelination, well known choline-deficient phenotypes. The choline moiety of GPC was incorporated into PC in an ENPP6-dependent manner both in vivo and in vitro. The crystal structure of ENPP6 in complex with phosphocholine revealed that the choline moiety of the phosphocholine is recognized by a choline-binding pocket formed by conserved aromatic and acidic residues. The present study provides the molecular basis for ENPP6-mediated choline metabolism at atomic, cellular and tissue levels. | |||
Structure and biological function of ENPP6, a choline-specific glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase.,Morita J, Kano K, Kato K, Takita H, Sakagami H, Yamamoto Y, Mihara E, Ueda H, Sato T, Tokuyama H, Arai H, Asou H, Takagi J, Ishitani R, Nishimasu H, Nureki O, Aoki J Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 18;6:20995. doi: 10.1038/srep20995. PMID:26888014<ref>PMID:26888014</ref> | |||
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | |||
[[ | </div> | ||
[[Category: | <div class="pdbe-citations 5egh" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | ||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category: | ==See Also== | ||
[[Category: Ishitani | *[[Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3D structures|Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3D structures]] | ||
[[Category: | == References == | ||
[[Category: Kato | <references/> | ||
[[Category: Morita | __TOC__ | ||
[[Category: | </StructureSection> | ||
[[Category: Large Structures]] | |||
[[Category: Mus musculus]] | |||
[[Category: Aoki J]] | |||
[[Category: Ishitani R]] | |||
[[Category: Kano K]] | |||
[[Category: Kato K]] | |||
[[Category: Morita J]] | |||
[[Category: Nishimasu H]] | |||
[[Category: Nureki O]] | |||
[[Category: Takita H]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:25, 5 July 2023
Structure of ENPP6, a choline-specific glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase in complex with phosphocholineStructure of ENPP6, a choline-specific glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase in complex with phosphocholine
Structural highlights
FunctionENPP6_MOUSE Choline-specific glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase. The preferred substrate may be lysosphingomyelin (By similarity). Hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to form monoacylglycerol and phosphorylcholine but not lysophosphatidic acid, showing it has a lysophospholipase C activity. Has a preference for LPC with short (12:0 and 14:0) or polyunsaturated (18:2 and 20:4) fatty acids. Also hydrolyzes glycerophosphorylcholine and sphingosylphosphorylcholine efficiently. Hydrolyzes the classical substrate for phospholipase C, p-nitrophenyl phosphorylcholine in vitro, while it does not hydrolyze the classical nucleotide phosphodiesterase substrate, p-nitrophenyl thymidine 5'-monophosphate. Does not hydrolyze diacyl phospholipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidic acid (By similarity).[1] Publication Abstract from PubMedCholine is an essential nutrient for all living cells and is produced extracellularly by sequential degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC). However, little is known about how choline is produced extracellularly. Here, we report that ENPP6, a choline-specific phosphodiesterase, hydrolyzes glycerophosphocholine (GPC), a degradation product of PC, as a physiological substrate and participates in choline metabolism. ENPP6 is highly expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and developing oligodendrocytes, which actively incorporate choline and synthesize PC. ENPP6-deficient mice exhibited fatty liver and hypomyelination, well known choline-deficient phenotypes. The choline moiety of GPC was incorporated into PC in an ENPP6-dependent manner both in vivo and in vitro. The crystal structure of ENPP6 in complex with phosphocholine revealed that the choline moiety of the phosphocholine is recognized by a choline-binding pocket formed by conserved aromatic and acidic residues. The present study provides the molecular basis for ENPP6-mediated choline metabolism at atomic, cellular and tissue levels. Structure and biological function of ENPP6, a choline-specific glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase.,Morita J, Kano K, Kato K, Takita H, Sakagami H, Yamamoto Y, Mihara E, Ueda H, Sato T, Tokuyama H, Arai H, Asou H, Takagi J, Ishitani R, Nishimasu H, Nureki O, Aoki J Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 18;6:20995. doi: 10.1038/srep20995. PMID:26888014[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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