Flavin reductase: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:10, 6 March 2023

Function

Flavin reductase (FR) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a variety of flavins such as riboflavin, FAD, FMN, biliverdin, methemoglobin and pyrroloquinoline quinone. FR converts reduced riboflavin to riboflavin and bilirubin to biliverdin. FR is involved in heme catabolism^[1] .

Relevance

FR catalytic reaction is the basis of the therapeutic use of methylene blue or riboflavin in the treatment of methemoglobinemia. Bacterial FR are used to sensitize tumors to drugs.

Structural insights

The because the binding is achieved mainly via hydrophobic interactions (Hydrophobic, Polar).^[2]

Human flavin reductase complex with biliverdin IX α and NADP (PDB code 1he2)

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3D structures of flavin reductase3D structures of flavin reductase

Updated on 06-March-2023

ReferencesReferences

↑ Yubisui T, Takeshita M, Yoneyama Y. Reduction of methemoglobin through flavin at the physiological concentration by NADPH-flavin reductase of human erythrocytes. J Biochem. 1980 Jun;87(6):1715-20. PMID:7400118
↑ Pereira PJ, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Parraga A, Perez-Luque R, Cunningham O, Darcy K, Mantle TJ, Coll M. Structure of human biliverdin IXbeta reductase, an early fetal bilirubin IXbeta producing enzyme. Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Mar;8(3):215-20. PMID:11224564 doi:10.1038/84948

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman

[1] Yubisui T, Takeshita M, Yoneyama Y. Reduction of methemoglobin through flavin at the physiological concentration by NADPH-flavin reductase of human erythrocytes. J Biochem. 1980 Jun;87(6):1715-20. PMID:7400118

[2] Pereira PJ, Macedo-Ribeiro S, Parraga A, Perez-Luque R, Cunningham O, Darcy K, Mantle TJ, Coll M. Structure of human biliverdin IXbeta reductase, an early fetal bilirubin IXbeta producing enzyme. Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Mar;8(3):215-20. PMID:11224564 doi:10.1038/84948

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 == Structural insights ==
-The <scene name='49/490853/Cv/3'>NADP containing active site can accommodate a variety of ligands</scene> because the binding is achieved mainly via hydrophobic interactions ({{Template:ColorKey_Hydrophobic}},  {{Template:ColorKey_Polar}}).<ref>PMID:11224564</ref>
+The <scene name='49/490853/Cv/4'>NADP containing active site can accommodate a variety of ligands</scene> because the binding is achieved mainly via hydrophobic interactions ({{Template:ColorKey_Hydrophobic}},  {{Template:ColorKey_Polar}}).<ref>PMID:11224564</ref>
 </StructureSection>
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
-*NADPH-dependent Flavin reductase
+*NADPH-dependent Flavin reductase or biliverdin IX beta reductase
-**[[1qfj]] – FR – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
+**[[1hdo]], [[7er6]] - hFR + NADP - human<br />
-**[[1bkj]] – VhFR + FMN – ''Vibrio harveyi''<br />
+**[[6opl]] – hFR (mutant) + NADP <br />
-**[[2bkj]] - VhFR + NAD + FMN<br />
-**[[1hdo]] - hFR + NADP - human<br />
 **[[1he2]] - hFR + biliverdin IX α + NADP<BR />
 **[[1he3]] - hFR + mesobiliverdin IV α + NADP<BR />
@@ Line 31: / Line 29: @@
 **[[5ooh]] – hFR + NADP + erythrosine<br />
 **[[5oog]] – hFR + NADP + phloxine + cyanosine<br />
+**[[7er7]], [[7er8]], [[7er9]], [[7era]], [[7erb]], [[7erc]], [[7erd]], [[7ere]] – hFR + NADP + drug<br />
 **[[3pft]] - FR (mutant) + FMN – ''Mycobacterium goodii''<br />
 **[[5cho]] - FR + FAD – uncultured bacteria<br />
+**[[1qfj]] – FR – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
+**[[1bkj]] – VhFR + FMN – ''Vibrio harveyi''<br />
+**[[2bkj]] - VhFR + NAD + FMN<br />
-*NADPH-dependent Flavin reductase
+*NADH-dependent Flavin reductase
 **[[1rz0]] – GtFR + FAD – ''Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius''<br />
@@ Line 41: / Line 43: @@
 **[[4uth]] - PpFR (mutant) + FMN <br />
 **[[5lnj]], [[5lni]], [[4uti]], [[4utj]] - PpFR (mutant) + FMN derivative + coumarin derivative<br />
+**[[2d36]] - StFR + FMN – ''Sulfurisphaera tokodaii''<br />
+**[[2d37]] - StFR + FMN + NAD<br />
+**[[2d38]] - StFR + FMN + NADP<br />
 }}