Transfer RNA (tRNA): Difference between revisions
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</jmolLink> | </jmolLink> | ||
</jmol> on the other end. | </jmol> on the other end. | ||
At the acceptor end, amino acid are attached via the <scene name='43/433638/Threeprime/3'>2'-OH or 3'-OH group of the last nucleotide in the acceptor stem</scene>. At the opposite end of the molecule is the anticodon, which pairs with its complementary codon on the messenger RNA. | At the acceptor end, amino acid are attached via the <scene name='43/433638/Threeprime/3'>2'-OH or 3'-OH group of the last nucleotide in the acceptor stem</scene>. At the opposite end of the molecule is the <scene name='43/433638/Anticodon_loop/1'>anticodon</scene>, which pairs with its complementary codon on the messenger RNA. | ||
The two arms of the "L" <scene name='43/433638/Fullview_cartoon/20'> (cartoon)</scene> are formed by the <scene name='43/433638/Stemstacking/3'>stacking of the acceptor and TΨC-stem</scene> on one side, and of the anticodon and D-stem on the other side. <scene name='43/433638/Kissing/4'>Tertiary interactions between the TΨC- and D-loop</scene> form the corner of the L-shape and stabilize the structure. Non-Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding is important in this core (visualize interactively at [http://jmol.x3dna.org/ DSSR Jmol web interface)]). | The two arms of the "L" <scene name='43/433638/Fullview_cartoon/20'> (cartoon)</scene> are formed by the <scene name='43/433638/Stemstacking/3'>stacking of the acceptor and TΨC-stem</scene> on one side, and of the anticodon and D-stem on the other side. <scene name='43/433638/Kissing/4'>Tertiary interactions between the TΨC- and D-loop</scene> form the corner of the L-shape and stabilize the structure. Non-Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding is important in this core (visualize interactively at [http://jmol.x3dna.org/ DSSR Jmol web interface)]). | ||
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See also [[Transfer RNA tour]]. | See also [[Transfer RNA tour]]. | ||
==Function== | ==Function== | ||
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'''Aminoacylation.''' Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases pair amino acids with tRNAs. In this way, they implement the genetic code. These enzymes recognize a single tRNA (e.g. phe-tRNA) and a single amino acid (phenylalanine, in this example) and catalyze formation of an ester bond between the 3’-hydroxyl of the tRNA and the carboxylatic acid of the amino acid. | '''Aminoacylation.''' Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases pair amino acids with tRNAs. In this way, they implement the genetic code. These enzymes recognize a single tRNA (e.g. phe-tRNA) and a single amino acid (phenylalanine, in this example) and catalyze formation of an ester bond between the 3’-hydroxyl of the tRNA and the carboxylatic acid of the amino acid. | ||
<scene name='43/433638/Cv/4'>Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA complex (1gtr)</scene>. The cognate aminoacid is esterified on its 3'-OH by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The synthetase recognizes structural features on the tRNA, which allows it to discriminate tRNA that are specific for a given aminoacid, from all other (non-cognate) tRNA. These structural features are called identity determinants. They are often (but not exclusively) located in the anticodon sequence and/or in the so-called discriminator base (position 73), just before the 3' -CCA terminus. | <scene name='43/433638/Cv/4'>Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA complex (1gtr)</scene>. The cognate aminoacid is esterified on its 3'-OH by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The synthetase recognizes structural features on the tRNA, which allows it to discriminate tRNA that are specific for a given aminoacid, from all other (non-cognate) tRNA. These structural features are called identity determinants. They are often (but not exclusively) located in the anticodon sequence and/or in the so-called discriminator base (position 73), just before the 3' -CCA terminus. | ||
</StructureSection> | |||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
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* [[Translation]] | * [[Translation]] | ||
* [[Ribosome]] | * [[Ribosome]] | ||
* [[Pseudouridine]] | |||
* [[2czj|tmRNA]] | * [[2czj|tmRNA]] | ||
* [[Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||