SAM decarboxylase: Difference between revisions
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<StructureSection load=' | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='49/493297/Cv/1' caption='S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase with cofactor pyruvate complex with AdoMet [[3iwc]]'> | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
'''S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase''' (AMD) catalyzes the conversion of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to S-adenosylmethioninamine . AMD is part of the polyamine biosynthesis, in particular in the biosynthesis of spermine and spermidine from putrescine. AMD uses a covalently bound pyruvate as a cofactor. The active AMD is generated by post-translational cleavage of a precursor molecule. The cleavage results in non-identical α and β subunits and the modification of a serine residue to pyruvate<ref>PMID:7948879</ref>. There are 2 classes of AMD. '''AMD I''' is found in bacteria and archae, '''AMD II''' is found in eukaryotes. | '''S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase''' (AMD) catalyzes the conversion of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to S-adenosylmethioninamine . AMD is part of the polyamine biosynthesis, in particular in the biosynthesis of spermine and spermidine from putrescine. AMD uses a covalently bound pyruvate as a cofactor. The active AMD is generated by post-translational cleavage of a precursor molecule. The cleavage results in non-identical α and β subunits and the modification of a serine residue to pyruvate<ref>PMID:7948879</ref>. There are 2 classes of AMD. '''AMD I''' is found in bacteria and archae, '''AMD II''' is found in eukaryotes. | ||
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==Structural insight == | ==Structural insight == | ||
AMD active site | The biological assembly of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase is <scene name='49/493297/Cv/6'>tetramer</scene>, containing 2 α and 2 β chains. <scene name='49/493297/Cv/7'>AMD active site contains residues from all protomers</scene>. The cleavage of the precursor molecule occurs at residue <scene name='49/493297/Cv/8'>serine 63 which becomes a pyruvolyl group</scene><ref>PMID:20124698</ref>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
==3D structures of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase== | ==3D structures of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase== | ||
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{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | ||
*S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase | *S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase binary complexes | ||
**[[1jen]], [[3ep9]] – hAMD + pyruvate – human<br /> | **[[1jen]], [[3ep9]] – hAMD + pyruvate – human<br /> | ||
**[[3ep3]], [[3ep4]], [[3ep5]] - hAMD (mutant) + pyruvate<br /> | **[[3ep3]], [[3ep4]], [[3ep5]] - hAMD (mutant) + pyruvate<br /> | ||
**[[1mhm]] - AMD + pyruvate – potato | **[[1jl0]] - hAMD (mutant) + putrescine <br /> | ||
**[[1mhm]] - AMD + pyruvate – potato<br /> | |||
**[[3iwb]] - TmAMD (mutant) + pyruvate - ''Thermotoga maritima''<br /> | |||
*S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase | *S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase ternary complex | ||
**[[ | **[[3ep6]], [[3ep7]], [[3ep8]] - hAMD (mutant) + AdoMet + pyruvate<br /> | ||
**[[3epa]], [[3epb]] - hAMD (mutant) + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | |||
**[[3iwc]] - TmAMD + AdoMet + pyruvate<br /> | **[[3iwc]] - TmAMD + AdoMet + pyruvate<br /> | ||
**[[3iwd]] - TmAMD + adenosine derivative + pyruvate<br /> | **[[3iwd]] - TmAMD + adenosine derivative + pyruvate<br /> | ||
*S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase | *S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase quaternary complex | ||
**[[1i72]], [[1i79]], [[3dz2]], [[3dz4]], [[3dz5]], [[3dz6]], [[3dz7]], [[3h0v]], [[3h0w]] - hAMD + adenosine derivative + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | **[[1i72]], [[1i79]], [[3dz2]], [[3dz4]], [[3dz5]], [[3dz6]], [[3dz7]], [[3h0v]], [[3h0w]] - hAMD + adenosine derivative + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | ||
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**[[3dz3]] - hAMD (mutant) + AdoMet + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | **[[3dz3]] - hAMD (mutant) + AdoMet + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | ||
**[[1i7c]], [[1i7m]] - hAMD + inhibitor + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | **[[1i7c]], [[1i7m]] - hAMD + inhibitor + putrescine + pyruvate<br /> | ||
**[[5tvm]], [[5tvf]], [[6bm7]] - TbAMD + AMD proenzyme-like + inhibitor + putrescine + pyruvate - ''Trypanosoma brucei''<br /> | |||
*S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase precursor | *S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase precursor | ||
**[[1tlu]], [[1vr7]] - | **[[1msv]] - hAMDP (mutant) + putrescine<br /> | ||
**[[1tmi]] - | **[[1tlu]], [[1vr7]] - TmAMDP <br /> | ||
**[[2iii]] – | **[[1tmi]] - TmAMDP (mutant)<br /> | ||
**[[ | **[[2iii]] – AMDP – ''Aquifex aeolicus''<br /> | ||
**[[5tvo]] - TbAMDP + pyruvate<br /> | |||
}} | }} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | [[Category:Topic Page]] | ||