Nisin: Difference between revisions
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Nisin is produced by fermentation using the bacterium ''Lactococcus lactis''. | Nisin is produced by fermentation using the bacterium ''Lactococcus lactis''. | ||
While in general most bacteriocins inhibit only closely related species, nisin is a rare example of a "broad-spectrum" bacteriocin effective against many Gram-positive organisms, including lactic acid bacteria (commonly associated with spoilage), ''Listeria monocytogenes'' (a known pathogen), ''Staphylococcus aureus,'' ''Bacillus cereus'', ''Clostridium botulinum'', etc. It is also particularly effective against spores. Gram-negative bacteria are protected by their outer membrane but may become susceptible to nisin action after a heat shock or when this is coupled with the chelator EDTA. Nisin is soluble in water and can be effective at levels nearing the parts-per-billion range<ref>PMID: | While in general most bacteriocins inhibit only closely related species, nisin is a rare example of a "broad-spectrum" bacteriocin effective against many Gram-positive organisms, including lactic acid bacteria (commonly associated with spoilage), ''Listeria monocytogenes'' (a known pathogen), ''Staphylococcus aureus,'' ''Bacillus cereus'', ''Clostridium botulinum'', etc. It is also particularly effective against spores. Gram-negative bacteria are protected by their outer membrane but may become susceptible to nisin action after a heat shock or when this is coupled with the chelator EDTA. Nisin is soluble in water and can be effective at levels nearing the parts-per-billion range<ref>PMID:2119570</ref>. | ||
== Relevance == | == Relevance == | ||
In the food industry, it is obtained from the culturing of ''L. lactis'' on natural substrates, such as milk or dextrose, and is not chemically synthesized. Nisin is studied as a novel antibiotic due to its antimicrobial activity and as a therapeutic against neck and head squamous cell carcinoma<ref>PMID: | In the food industry, it is obtained from the culturing of ''L. lactis'' on natural substrates, such as milk or dextrose, and is not chemically synthesized. Nisin is studied as a novel antibiotic due to its antimicrobial activity and as a therapeutic against neck and head squamous cell carcinoma<ref>PMID:26132406</ref>. | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
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</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
== 3D structure of nisin == | == 3D structure of nisin == | ||
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | |||
[[ | [[5xhb]] - LlNisin - ''Lactococcus lactis'' <br /> | ||
[[1wco]] - LlNisin + lipid - NMR<br /> | |||
[[2n32]] - LlNisin N-terminal - NMR<br /> | |||
[[2n2e]] - LlNisin C-terminal - NMR<br /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | |||