Carbohydrates II: Difference between revisions

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==Your Heading Here (maybe something like 'Structure')==
<StructureSection load='' size='450' side='right' caption='Carbohydrates' scene='60/603296/Gliceraldehido/1'>
<StructureSection load='Insert PDB code or filename here' size='800' align='right' caption='Glúcidos' scene='60/603296/Gliceraldehido/1' />
[[es:Carbohydrates II (Spanish)]]
This is a default text for your page '''Carbohydrates II'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the &lt; and &gt; signs.
==Monosaccharides==
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.
::<scene name='60/603296/Gliceraldehido/1'>D-glyceraldehyde</scene> molecular structure


== Function ==
::<scene name='60/603296/Gliceraldehido/2'>L-glyceraldehyde</scene> molecular structure.


== Disease ==
::<scene name='60/603296/Gliceraldehido/3'>Mirror images of each other</scene>.


== Relevance ==
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucosa/1'>D-glucose</scene>


== Structural highlights ==
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucopiranosa/10'>carbon C1 and C5 approach</scene>


This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucopiranosa/13'>Pyranose ring</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucopiranosa/9'>α-D-glucopyranose</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Fructofuranosa/1'>β-D-fructofuranose</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucosamina/1'>D-glucosamine</scene>
 
==Disaccharides==
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucosidico1/1'>2 glucose molecules approach</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucosidico1/3'> 1 water molecule is lost</scene>
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Glucosidico2/2'>a glycosidic bond is formed</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Maltosa/1'>Maltose</scene> shows a α-glycosidic bond
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Celobiosa/1'>Cellobiose</scene> shows a β-glycosidic bond, like <scene name='60/603296/Sacarosa/1'>sucrose</scene>.
 
==Polysaccharides==
*'''Starch'''
**'''Amylose'''
::<scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/3'>Maltose (2 residues of glucose)</scene>
 
::We add a <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/4'>3rd</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/5'>4th</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/6'>5th</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/7'>6th</scene> residues.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/8'>Activate rotation</scene> to observe helical structure
::<scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/9'>Zoom out</scene> and addition of more glucose residues to reach a <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/10'>30 residues</scene> molecule
::Look from a <scene name='60/603296/Amilosa/11'>polar view</scene>.
**'''Amylopectin'''.-
::A fragment of ''amylopectin'' including <scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina/1'>5 glucose residues</scene>.
 
::Zoom in to show a <scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina/5'>Branch point</scene>
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina/10'>4 residues at branch point</scene>.
 
::By adding to <scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina/12'>initial structure</scene> 25 glucose residues we get a <scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina2/1'>30 residues amylopectin fragment</scene>.
 
::<scene name='60/603296/Amilopectina/13'>Zoom out</scene> to show that branch points are spaced by 24-30 glucose residues.
 
*<scene name='60/603296/Glucogeno/1'>Glycogen</scene>.- Structure like ''amylopectin'' but with branch points spaced by 8-12 glucose residues.
 
*'''Cellulose'''.-
 
::See [[cellulose]].
 
*<scene name='60/603296/Quitina/6'>Chitin</scene>.- A polymer of <scene name='60/603296/Quitina/4'>β-N-acetil-D-glucosamina</scene>.
::A <scene name='60/603296/chitin/2'>3 residues</scene> chitin fragment.
*<scene name='60/603296/Hialuron/2'>Hyaluronic acid</scene>.- ''Heteropolysaccharide'' with alternating residues of <scene name='60/603296/Quitina/4'>β-N-acetil-D-glucosamine</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Glucuronico/1'>glucuronic acid</scene>
 
== Files for 3D printer ==
<i class="fas fa-cubes"></i> Alpha-amylase with flexible amylopectin by [[User:Marius Mihasan|Marius Mihasan]] [https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/3DPX-016354 <i class="fas fa-download"></i>]


</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
== References ==
== References ==
*Molecular models in this page were created or modified from [[PDB files]] by [[User:Alejandro Porto|Alejandro Porto]] using the tool JSME Molecular Editor [http://biomodel.uah.es/en/DIY/JSME/draw.es.htm]
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:3D printer files]]

Latest revision as of 00:11, 15 November 2021

Monosaccharides

molecular structure
molecular structure.
.
.
.
.

Disaccharides

.
.
shows a α-glycosidic bond
shows a β-glycosidic bond, like .

Polysaccharides

  • Starch
    • Amylose
We add a , , and residues.
to observe helical structure
and addition of more glucose residues to reach a molecule
Look from a .
    • Amylopectin.-
A fragment of amylopectin including .
Zoom in to show a
.
By adding to 25 glucose residues we get a .
to show that branch points are spaced by 24-30 glucose residues.
  • .- Structure like amylopectin but with branch points spaced by 8-12 glucose residues.
  • Cellulose.-
See cellulose.
  • .- A polymer of .
A chitin fragment.
  • .- Heteropolysaccharide with alternating residues of and

Files for 3D printer

Alpha-amylase with flexible amylopectin by Marius Mihasan


Carbohydrates

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

ReferencesReferences

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Alejandro Porto, Karsten Theis, Jaime Prilusky
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