Macrophage inhibitory factor: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='2ooh' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of human macrophage inhibitory factor trimer complex with inhibitor, glycerol and sulfate (PDB entry [[2ooh]])' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2ooh' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of human macrophage inhibitory factor trimer complex with inhibitor, glycerol and sulfate (PDB entry [[2ooh]])' scene='55/551208/Cv/1'>
== Function ==
'''Macrophage inhibitory factor''' or '''Macrophage migration inhibitory factor''' (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine.  '''MIF2''' or '''D-dopachrome tautomerase'''  or '''D-dopachrome decarboxylase''' is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which regulates the innate and adaptive immune response<ref>PMID:22507380</ref>.  MIF is released to the blood stream upon stimulation of white blood cells by bacterial antigens<ref>PMID:11032394</ref>. 


'''Macrophage inhibitory factor''' (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine.  MIF is released to the blood stream upon stimulation of white blood cells by bacterial antigens.  MIF contains two different catalytic sites.  A phenylpyruvate tautomerase site is located in the N terminal.  A disulfide reductase site is located in the tetrapeptide Cys-Ala-Leu-Cys in position 57-60.
== Relevance ==
MIF plays a role in various solid and hematologic tumors<ref>PMID:19326434</ref>.  MIF is overexpressed in various tumors and is suggested to be the molecular link between chronic inflammation and cancer.  MIF has a role in skin inflammation, immune response, disease, tumorigenesis and wound healing<ref>PMID:15659324</ref>.  MIF has a role in Alzheimer disease and its inhibition may prevent the disease onset<ref>PMID:20200619</ref>.
 
== Structural highlights ==
MIF contains two different catalytic sites.  A phenylpyruvate tautomerase site is located in the N terminal.  A <scene name='55/551208/Cv/5'>disulfide reductase site is located in the tetrapeptide Cys-Ala-Leu-Cys in position 57-60</scene>.  The <scene name='55/551208/Cv/6'>inhibitor binds to the pro-inflammatory tautomerase site</scene><ref>PMID:17526494</ref>. Water molecules shown as red spheres.


==3D structures of macrophage inhibitory factor==
==3D structures of macrophage inhibitory factor==
[[Macrophage inhibitory factor 3D structures]]


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
</StructureSection>
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
 
*macrophage inhibitory factor
 
**[[1mif]] – MIF (mutant) – rat<BR />
**[[1fim]], [[1gif]], [[1gd0]], [[3djh]] – hMIF – human<BR />
**[[1cgq]], [[1p1g]], [[4etg]], [[4eui]], [[4evg]], [[4grn]], [[4gro]], [[4grp]], [[4grq]], [[4grr]], [[4gru]] – hMIF (mutant) <BR />
**[[1mff]] – mMIF (mutant) – mouse<BR />
**[[1hfo]] – MIF – ''Trichinella spiralis'' <BR />
**[[1uiz]] – MIF – ''Xenopus laevis'' <BR />
**[[2wkb]], [[2wkf]] – MIF – ''Plasmodium berghei'' <BR />
**[[3t5s]] – MIF – ''Giardia lamblia''<BR />
**[[4gum]] – MIF (mutant) – rhesus monkey<BR />
 
*MIF complexes


**[[1mfi]], [[2gdg]] – mMIF + inhibitor <BR />
== References ==
**[[1ca7]] – hMIF + hydroxyphenylpyruvate<BR />
<references/>
**[[3ijj]] – hMIF + hydroxyphenylpyruvate + inhibitor<BR />
**[[1gcz]], [[1ljt]], [[2ooh]], [[2oow]], [[2ooz]], [[3b9s]], [[3jsf]], [[3jsg]], [[3jtu]], [[3l5p]], [[3l5r]], [[3l5s]], [[3l5t]], [[3l5u]], [[3l5v]], [[3ijg]], [[4f2k]], [[3smb]], [[3smc]], [[3wnr]], [[3wns]]. [[3wnt]], [[4osf]], [[4p01]] – hMIF + inhibitor <BR />
**[[3dji]] – hMIF + tylenol<BR />
**[[3ce4]] – hMIF + PMSF<BR />
**[[3hof]] – hMIF + cafeic acid<BR />
**[[3u18]] – hMIF + Chicago sky blue<BR />
**[[3rf4]], [[3rf5]] – MIF + inhibitor – ''Ancylostoma ceylanicum''<br />
}}
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky
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