VP24: Difference between revisions
Wally Novak (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
Michal Harel (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| (45 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==VP24== | ==VP24== | ||
<StructureSection load=' | <StructureSection load='4d9o' size='340' side='right' caption='VP24 from the Reston Ebola Virus [[4d9o]]' scene=''> | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
VP24 is a protein present in the | '''VP24''' is a protein present in the Ebola and Marburg viruses, both of which are members of ''Filoviridae'' family. Presently there are five strains of Ebola: Sudan, Reston, Zaire, Bundibugyo, and Taï Forest, each with minor differences in VP24 sequences <ref name='Marburg '>pmid 24574400</ref>. | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
'''Ebola''' | '''Ebola''' | ||
In a normal immune response interferons (IFN) are produced to alert surrounding cells | In a normal immune response interferons (IFN) are produced to alert surrounding cells to the presence of a pathogen, which activates STAT1 by phosphorylation <ref name='4or8'>pmid 24574400</ref>. STAT1 is a transcription factor that increases production of immune fighting genes in cells, STAT1 is brought to the nucleus by karyopherin α proteins <ref name='4or8'/>. Ebola protein VP24 <scene name='60/602719/Vp24_bound_to_karyopherin_a5/1'>binds to karyopherin</scene> α1, α5, and α6, which normally bring the P-STAT1 to the nucleus <ref>DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.07.008</ref>. With the karyopherin proteins bound, P-STAT1 does not make it to the nucleus which greatly weakens the immune response in cells <ref>DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.07.008</ref>. | ||
'''Marburg''' | |||
Keap1 is a protein that degrades the transcription factor Nrf2. VP24 in the Marburg virus targets and binds the Keap1 protein, and as a result leaves Nrf2 unaltered. High levels of Nrf2 triggers antioxidant response elements(ARE). This causes cells to become defensive, which protects the Marburg virus inside the cell <ref>doi 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.043</ref>. | |||
== Structural Characteristics == | == Structural Characteristics == | ||
The | The Ebola and Marburg VP24 proteins are 30% identical <ref name='Marburg '/>. They share a similar pyramidal shaped domain, as well as a few structures. Both viruses have two highly conserved pockets underneath the "pyramid's" base <ref name='Marburg '/>. Additionally, the N termini of Ebola (Zaire) and the Marburg virus are very similar in function. They are both used for oligomer and nucleocapsid formation <ref name='Marburg '/><ref>pmid 22371572</ref>. | ||
<scene name='60/602719/Chain_b/1'>Ebola Domain</scene> (Reston) | |||
There are a few structural characteristics only found in the Ebola viruses. At the top of the pyramidal domain, there are α helices present which are thought to interact with the α karyopherin <ref name='Marburg '/>. An α helix formed by the N-terminus runs from the top of the "pyramid" to another nearby VP24, where it binds to one of the pockets located underneath the "pyramid" <ref name='Marburg '/>. | |||
<scene name='60/602719/Marburg_vp24_domain/1'>Marburg Domain</scene> | |||
The Marburg domain has a beta shelf present that sticks out from the structure <ref name='Marburg '/>. The Marburg VP24 doesn't use an alpha helix to bind to another VP24 like the Ebola VP24 <ref name='Marburg '/>. Instead, it uses a flexible strand that binds to a groove of a close-by VP24 <ref name='Marburg '/>. | |||
== References == | |||
<references/> | |||
</StructureSection> | |||
== 3D Structures of VP24 == | |||
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | |||
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | |||
*VP24 from Sudan ebola | |||
**[[3vne]], [[3vnf]] – VP24 (mutant) <BR /> | |||
*VP24 from Reston ebola | |||
< | **[[4d9o]] – VP24 <BR /> | ||
< | *VP24 from Zaire ebola | ||
</ | |||
**[[4m0q]] – VP24 <BR /> | |||
< | **[[4u2x]] – VP24 + importin subunit alpha-6<br /> | ||
**[[6ehm]] – VP24 + nucleoprotein<BR /> | |||
*VP24 from Marburg virus | |||
**[[4or8]] – VP24 <BR /> | |||
*VP24 from White spot syndrome virus | |||
**[[5hlj]] – VP24 <BR /> | |||
*VP24 from apple latent spherical virus | |||
**[[7chk]] – VP24+VP20+VP25 - Cryo EM<BR /> | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | |||