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| <StructureSection load='1ze2' size='400' side='right' caption='tRNA pseudouridine synthase complex with RNA and pseudouridine monophosphate [[1ze2]]' scene='46/465439/Cv/1' pspeed='8'> | | <StructureSection load='1ze2' size='400' side='right' caption='tRNA pseudouridine synthase complex with RNA that contains pseudouridine monophosphate [[1ze2]]' scene='46/465439/Cv/1' pspeed='8'> |
| == Function == | | __TOC__ |
| '''tRNA pseudouridine synthase''' (PUS) catalyzes the conversion of tRNA uridine to tRNA pseudouridine<ref>PMID:14566049</ref>. PUS are active in the ribosomal large subunit '''Ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthase''' and in the ribosomal small subunit ''Ribosomal small subunit pseudouridine synthase''. Ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthase RluD is responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil in positions 1911, 1915 and 1917 in 23S ribosomal RNA<ref>PMID:15928344</ref>. '''Probable tRNA pseudouridine synthase''' (PPUS) is a similar enzyme.
| | ==Function== |
| | [[Pseudouridine]] is an abundant modified nucleoside found in RNA molecules. It is formed post-transcriptionally in RNA molecules by isomerization of the bond between base and ribose in uridine. There are two major types of enzymes that catalyze this reaction: |
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| == Structural highlights ==
| | * [[RNA-guided pseudouridine synthase]] -- Some ribonucleoproteins (complexes of proteins and small RNAs) have been identified in archaea and eukaryotes to catalyze these reactions. The small RNA in the complex serves as a guide element to select the site of modification through base-pairing with the target RNA molecule. |
| The conversion of uridine to pseudouridine causes conformational change of PUS<ref>PMID:14990747</ref>. <scene name='46/465439/Cv/3'>tRNA pseudouridine synthase binding with pseudouridine monophosphate</scene> ([[1ze2]]).
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| </StructureSection>
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| == 3D Structures of tRNA pseudouridine synthase==
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| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
| | * [[Guide-independent Pseudouridine synthase|Guide-independent pseudouridine synthase]] -- The alternative to using the RNA-guided mechanism for pseudouridine formation is a [[Guide-independent Pseudouridine synthase|guide-independent mechanism]] acting through protein-only enzymes to catalyze the isomerization. |
| {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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| *tRNA pseudouridine synthase
| | == Structural highlights == |
| | The conversion of uridine to pseudouridine is accompanied by a conformational change of pseudouridine synthase<ref>PMID:14990747</ref>. <scene name='46/465439/Cv/4'>tRNA pseudouridine synthase binding with pseudouridine monophosphate</scene> ([[1ze2]]). |
| | == 3D Structures of pseudouridine synthase == |
| | [[Pseudouridine synthase 3D structures]] |
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| **[[1dj0]] – EcPUS I – ''Escherichia coli''<BR />
| | </StructureSection> |
| **[[4iqm]], [[4its]], [[4j37]], [[4nz6]] - hPUS Pus1 catalytic domain - human<br />
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| **[[4nz7]] - hPUS Pus1 catalytic domain (mutant)<br />
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| **[[1vs3]] – PUS TruA – ''Thermus thermophilus''<BR />
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| **[[1sgv]] – PUS TruB – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<BR />
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| **[[1si7]], [[1szw]], [[1sb7]] - EcPUS TruD
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| *tRNA pseudouridine synthase complex with RNA
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| **[[1k8w]] – EcTruB + stem-loop RNA<BR />
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| **[[1zl3]] - EcTruB (mutant) + stem-loop RNA<BR />
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| **[[2nqp]], [[2nr0]], [[2nre]] – EcTruA + Leu-tRNA<BR />
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| **[[1ze2]] - TmPUS B + RNA<BR />
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| **[[2ab4]] - TmPUS B (mutant) + RNA<BR />
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| **[[1r3e]], [[1r3f]] - EcTruB + RNA<BR />
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| *Probable tRNA pseudouridine synthase
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| **[[3hjw]], [[3lwo]], [[3lwp]], [[3lwq]], [[3lwr]], [[3lwv]], [[3hax]] – PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + ribosomal protein L7 + RNA – ''Pyrococcus furiosus''<BR />
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| **[[3hay]] – PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + ribosomal protein L7 + RNA + small nuclear RNP protein<BR />
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| **[[2hvy]] – PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + ribosomal protein L7 + RNA + small nuclear RNP protein + small nuclear RNP Gar1-like protein<BR />
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| **[[3mqk]] - PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + small nuclear RNP Gar1-like protein + RNA<BR />
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| **[[2rfk]] - PfPUS Cbf5 (mutant) + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + small nuclear RNP Gar1-like protein + RNA<BR />
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| **[[2ey4]] - PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein Nop10 + small nuclear RNP Gar1-like protein <BR />
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| **[[3hjy]] - PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein NOP10 + RNA<BR />
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| **[[2apo]] - PfPUS Cbf5 + ribosome biogenesis protein NOP10 - ''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii''<BR />
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| *Ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthase
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| **[[2i82]] - EcRluA catalytic domain + RNA<br />
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| **[[4lab]] - EcRluB catalytic domain <br />
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| **[[4lgt]] - EcRluB catalytic domain + RNA<br />
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| **[[1xpi]] - EcRluC catalytic domain<br />
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| **[[5vbb]] - hRluC-like<br />
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| **[[1prz]], [[1qyu]], [[1v9f]], [[1v9k]], [[2ist]] - EcRluD catalytic domain<br />
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| **[[2oml]], [[2olw]] - EcRluE catalytic domain<br />
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| **[[2gml]] - EcRluF catalytic domain<br />
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| **[[3dh3]] - EcRluF catalytic domain + RNA<br />
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| *Ribosomal small subunit pseudouridine synthase
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| **[[1vio]] - RsuA - ''Haemophilus influenzae''<br />
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| **[[1ksk]] - EcRsuA <br />
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| **[[1ksl]] - EcRsuA + uracil<br />
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| **[[1ksv]] - EcRsuA + UMP<br />
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| }}
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| == References ==
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| <references/>
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| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |