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| {{STRUCTURE_1qnt| PDB=1qnt | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Human O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, [[1qnt]] }}
| | <StructureSection load='1nw5' size='350' side='right' caption='Adenine DNMT complex with SAM and Cl- ion (PDB code [[1nw5]]).' scene='46/467277/Cv/1'> |
| | __TOC__ |
| | == Function == |
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| '''DNA methyltransferase''' (DNMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl group to DNA. DNMT uses S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. The SAM analog S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) is a powerful inhibitor of DNMT. | | '''DNA methyltransferase''' (DNMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl group to DNA. Methylation is essential for gene expression. DNMT uses S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. The SAM analog S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) is a powerful inhibitor of DNMT. |
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| {{TOC limit|limit=2}}
| | *'''Methylguanine DNMT''' repairs the DNA lesion O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine to guanine.<ref>PMID:17485253</ref><br /> |
| | *'''Methylcytosine DNMT''' methylates the 5 position of cytosine. <ref>PMID:8127644</ref><br /> |
| | *'''Methyladenine DNMT''' methylates the 6 position of adenine. <ref>PMID:12732637</ref><br /> |
| | *'''HhaI DNA methyltransferase''' (HDMT), a DNMT from ''Haemophilus haemolyticus'' recognizes the 5’-GCGC-3’ DNA sequence and methylates the first cytosine to convert it to 5-methylcytosine. The SAM serves as the methyl donor in the reaction and is converted to to S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) by the reaction<ref>PMID:12139442</ref>. |
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| == 3D Structures of DNA methyltransferase == | | == Relevance == |
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| ''Updated January 2013''
| | DNMT inhibitors are being tested in cancer therapy. |
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| ===Methylguanine DNMT=== | | == Disease == |
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| [[1sfe]] – O6-methylguanine DNMT C terminal – ''Escherichia coli''
| | The human ICF disorder is caused by mutations in DNMT 3B. |
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| [[1qnt]], [[1eh6]], [[3llr]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT – human
| | == Structural highlights == |
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| [[1t38]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT (mutant) + DNA
| | The <scene name='46/467277/Cv/8'>active site of methyladenine DNMT contains the methyl donor SAM</scene>. |
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| [[1t39]], [[1yfh]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT + DNA
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| [[1eh7]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT methylated
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| [[1eh8]] - hO6-methylguanine DNMT benzylated
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| [[1wrj]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT - ''Sulfolobus tokodaii''
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| [[2g7h]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT – ''Methanocaldococcus jannaschii''
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| [[2kif]], [[2kim]] - O6-methylguanine DNMT – ''Vibrio parahaemolyticus'' - NMR
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| ===Methylcytosine DNMT=== | |
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| [[2qrv]] - h-cytosine DNMT
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| [[3epz]] - h-cytosine DNMT replecation foci-targeting sequence
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| [[3flg]] - h-cytosine DNMT ADD domain
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| [[3a1a]] - h-cytosine DNMT PWWP domain
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| [[1g55]] - h-cytosine DNMT2 (mutant)<br />
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| [[3qkj]] - h-cytosine DNMT 3β<br />
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| [[3av4]], [[1khc]] - m-cytosine DNMT – mouse
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| [[2uyc]], [[2uyh]], [[2uz4]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + SAH
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| [[3a1b]] - h-cytosine DNMT ADD domain + histone H3
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| [[3pt6]], [[3pt9]], [[4da4]] – m-cytosine DNMT + DNA
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| [[3av5]] - m-cytosine DNMT + SAH
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| [[3av6]] - m-cytosine DNMT + SAM
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| [[3swr]] - h-cytosine DNMT + sinefungin
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| [[1boo]] - cytosine DNMT (mutant) – ''Proteus vulgaris''<br />
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| [[3qv2]] - cytosine DNMT + SAH – ''Entamoeba histolytica''<br />
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| [[2uyc]], [[2uyh]], [[2uz4]], [[1fjx]] – Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + SAH - ''Haemophilus haemolyticus''<br />
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| [[2c7o]], [[2c7p]], [[2c7q]], [[2c7r]], [[3pta]] – Hh-cytosine DNMT + DNA + S-adenonosyl cysteine<br />
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| [[1hmy]] – Hh-cytosine Haeiii DNMT + SAM
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| [[1m0e]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + inhibitor
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| [[2i9k]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA
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| [[2hr1]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT + DNA + ADOHCY
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| [[2z6q]], [[2z6u]], [[2zcj]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + ADOHCY
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| [[1svu]] - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant)<br />
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| [[4fsx]] – c-cytosine DNMT + SAH – corn<br />
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| [[4ft2]], [[4ft4]] – c-cytosine DNMT + histone H3 peptide<br />
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| [[4h0n]] - cytosine DNMT (mutant) – ''Spodoptera frugiperda''
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| ===Methyladenine DNMT===
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| [[1nw5]] – RsN6-adenine DNMT + SAM – ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides''
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| [[1nw6]] - RsN6-adenine DNMT + sinefungin<br />
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| [[1nw7]] - RsN6-adenine DNMT + SAH<br />
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| [[1nw8]] - RsN6-adenine DNMT (mutant)
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| [[2ibs]], [[2ibt]], [[2ih2]], [[2ih4]], [[2ih5]], [[2np6]], [[2np7]], [[1g38]] - Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + DNA + cofactor analog – ''Thermus aquaticus''<br />
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| [[1aqi]] – Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + SAH<br />
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| [[1aqj]] – Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + sinefugin<br />
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| [[2adm]] - Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + SAM<br />
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| [[1g60]] - adenine DNMT + SAM – ''Moraxella bovis''
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| | == 3D Structures of DNA methyltransferase == |
| | [[DNA methyltransferase 3D structures]] |
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| | </StructureSection> |
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| | == References == |
| | <references/> |
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| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |