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== | ==Trypsin== | ||
<StructureSection load='1y3v' size='340' side='right' caption=' | <StructureSection load='1y3v' size='340' side='right' caption='Bovine trypsine complex with inhibitor and Ca+2 ion (green) (PDB code [[1y3v]])' scene=''> | ||
'''Trypsin''' is a serine protease that found in the digestive system of many vertebrates, where it hydrolyses proteins<ref>doi:10.1016/0076-6879(94)44004-2</ref>. | |||
Trypsin is produced in the pancreas as the inactive zymogen protease called trypsinogen. trypsinogen secreted into the small intestine where it activates trypsinogen into trypsin by the enzyme Antrookinaz using proteolytic decomposition. | |||
Trypsin Break peptide chains at the carboxyl side of the amino acids lysine or arginine, | |||
except when it is followed by proline. . | |||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
Trypsin catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds and cutting proteins into smaller peptides in the duodenum. | |||
== | == Structure and Mechanism == | ||
Trypsin is a medium size globular protein that contains either <scene name='60/607865/Helix/1'>alpha helix</scene> and <scene name='60/607865/Sheets/1'>beta sheets</scene>. | |||
The enzymatic mechanism of Trypsin is similar to the other serine proteases. These enzymes contain a catalytic triad consisting of <scene name='60/607865/Active_site/2'>histidine-57, aspartate-102, and serine-195</scene>, These three residues makes the active site serine nucleophilic <ref>doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5160-x</ref>. | |||
Trypsin contains an "oxyanion hole" formed by the backbone amide hydrogen atoms of <scene name='60/607865/Oxyanion_hole/1'>Gly-193 and Ser-195</scene> , which serves to stabilize the developing negative charge on the carbonyl oxygen atom of the cleaved amides. | |||
The <scene name='60/607865/Asp_189/1'>aspartate residue</scene> located in the catalytic pocket of trypsin is responsible for attracting and stabilizing positively charged lysine or arginine, and as a result responsible for the specificity of the enzyme <ref> doi:10.1021/pr0705035</ref>. | |||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
There are different ways to present the protein structure :<scene name='60/607865/Balls_and_stik/1'>balls and stick</scene>, <scene name='60/607865/Surface/1'>surface</scene> and <scene name='60/607865/Backbone/1'>Backbone</scene>. Another way to view the protein is <scene name='60/607865/Rainbow_n_to_c/1'>Rainbow</scene> that show the protein from the N (blue) to C terminal (green). | |||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> |