Introduction to Evolutionary Conservation (Spanish): Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='Introduction_to_Evolutionary_Conservation/Conservation/1' caption='MeCp2 protein bound to DNA (crystal structure [[3c2i]]). Conservation calculated by [[ConSurfDB_vs._ConSurf|ConSurf-DB]].'>
<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='Introduction_to_Evolutionary_Conservation/Conservation/1' caption='MeCp2 protein bound to DNA (crystal structure [[3c2i]]). Conservation calculated by [[ConSurfDB_vs._ConSurf|ConSurf-DB]].'>


Mutations occur spontaneously in each generation, randomly changing an amino acid here and there in a protein. Individuals with mutations that impair critical functions of proteins may have resulting problems that make them less able to reproduce. Harmful mutations are lost from the gene pool because the individuals carrying them reproduce less effectively. Since the harmful mutations are lost, the amino acids critical for the function of a protein are '''conserved'''. In contrast, harmless (or very rare beneficial) mutations are kept in the gene pool, producing '''variability''' in non-critical amino acids.
Las mutaciones ocurren de manera espontánea en cada generación, produciendo el cambio aleatorio de un aminoácido en una proteína. Aquellos individuos que presentan mutaciones que afectan a funciones críticas de las proteínas, pueden presentar problemas que les dificulten su reproducción. La menor descendencia de los individuos que sufren estas mutaciones dañiñas conduce a la pérdida de dichas mutaciones del acervo génico. Cuando se pierde una mutación dañina, los aminoácidos críticos para la función de la proteína son  '''conservados'''. Por el contrario, aquellas mutaciones inocuas (o con menor frecuencia beneficiosas), se mantendrán en el acervo génico, dando  lugar a '''variabilidad''' en aquellos aminoácidos que no son críticos para la función de la proteína.


==Examples==
==Examples==

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Verónica Gómez Gil