User:Alice Harmon/Sandbox 2: Difference between revisions

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==CDPK==

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are found in plants, green algae, and protists. In plants CDPKs are encoded by large gene families<ref> PMID:12805596</ref><ref>PMID:15695435</ref>, and they are involved in cellular responses to many stimuli such as hormones and environmental stress<ref>PMID: 24014579</ref>. In the apicomplexan protists ''Plasmodium falciparum'' (parasite that causes malaria) and ''Toxoplasma gondii'' (parasite that causes toxoplasmosis), CDPKs are encoded by small gene families, and they are involved in critical stages of the parasite life cycle <ref>PMID:23226109</ref><ref>PMID:20466936</ref>, and they are targets for the development of drugs to fight parasitic infections <ref>PMID:20436472

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are found in plants, green algae, and protists. In plants CDPKs are encoded by large gene families<ref> PMID:12805596</ref><ref>PMID:15695435</ref>, and they are involved in cellular responses to many stimuli such as hormones and environmental stress<ref>PMID: 24014579</ref>. In the apicomplexan protists ''Plasmodium falciparum'' (parasite that causes malaria) and ''Toxoplasma gondii'' (parasite that causes toxoplasmosis), CDPKs are encoded by small gene families, and they are involved in critical stages of the parasite life cycle <ref>PMID:23226109</ref><ref>PMID:20466936</ref>, and they are targets for the development of drugs to fight parasitic infections <ref>PMID:20436472</ref>.

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CDPKs are monomeric enzymes containing an amino-terminal [[Eukaryotic Protein Kinase Catalytic Domain]] linked to a carboxy-terminal calcium-binding regulatory domain that contains four [[EF hand]] calcium-binding sites. The protein kinase domain is similar in sequence to members of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase family<ref>PMID:1852075</ref>, and the calcium-binding domain has sequence similarity to [[calmodulin]]. CDPKs are regulated by the binding of Ca<sup>2+</sup> to the regulatory domain (called the calcium activation domain or CAD), and they are activated by processes that elevate the concentration of calcium inside cells.

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 ==CDPK==
-Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are found in plants, green algae, and protists. In plants CDPKs are encoded by large gene families<ref> PMID:12805596</ref><ref>PMID:15695435</ref>, and they are involved in cellular responses to many stimuli such as hormones and environmental stress<ref>PMID: 24014579</ref>. In the apicomplexan protists ''Plasmodium falciparum'' (parasite that causes malaria) and ''Toxoplasma gondii'' (parasite that causes toxoplasmosis), CDPKs are encoded by small gene families, and they are involved in critical stages of the parasite life cycle <ref>PMID:23226109</ref><ref>PMID:20466936</ref>, and they are targets for the development of drugs to fight parasitic infections <ref>PMID:20436472
+Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are found in plants, green algae, and protists. In plants CDPKs are encoded by large gene families<ref> PMID:12805596</ref><ref>PMID:15695435</ref>, and they are involved in cellular responses to many stimuli such as hormones and environmental stress<ref>PMID: 24014579</ref>. In the apicomplexan protists ''Plasmodium falciparum'' (parasite that causes malaria) and ''Toxoplasma gondii'' (parasite that causes toxoplasmosis), CDPKs are encoded by small gene families, and they are involved in critical stages of the parasite life cycle <ref>PMID:23226109</ref><ref>PMID:20466936</ref>, and they are targets for the development of drugs to fight parasitic infections <ref>PMID:20436472</ref>.
-</ref>
 CDPKs are monomeric enzymes containing an amino-terminal [[Eukaryotic Protein Kinase Catalytic Domain]] linked to a carboxy-terminal calcium-binding regulatory domain that contains four [[EF hand]] calcium-binding sites. The protein kinase domain is similar in sequence to members of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase family<ref>PMID:1852075</ref>, and the calcium-binding domain has sequence similarity to [[calmodulin]]. CDPKs are regulated by the binding of Ca<sup>2+</sup> to the regulatory domain (called the calcium activation domain or CAD), and they are activated by processes that elevate the concentration of calcium inside cells.