G1SecL05: Difference between revisions
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===Structure of LA-2 OspA complex === | ===Structure of LA-2 OspA complex === | ||
<Structure load='1FJ1' size='400' frame='true' align='center' scene='Studio:G1SecL01/2/1' /> | <Structure load='1FJ1' size='400' frame='true' align='center' scene='Studio:G1SecL01/2/1' / caption='Outer surface protein A complex with antibody (PDB code [[1fj1]])'> | ||
<scene name='Studio:G1SecL01/2/1'>Initial Scene</scene>---<scene name='Studio:G1SecL01/2/2'>Three Loops</scene> | <scene name='Studio:G1SecL01/2/1'>Initial Scene</scene>---<scene name='Studio:G1SecL01/2/2'>Three Loops</scene> | ||
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Although the LA-2- ospA complex induces a high reactivity of protective immune response for ''B. burgdorferi'', it lacks the broad specificity to encompass other genospecies of ''Borrelia''. In North America, Lyme borreliosis is caused by a single strain ''B.burgdorferi'', whereas in parts of Europe and Asia, a minimum of three strains, ''B. afzelli'', ''B. burgdorferi'', and ''B. garinii'' are involved in infecting humans<ref>PMID: 21217174</ref>. The lack of broad specificity in the LA-2- OspA complex is due to the presence of highly variable regions in ospA. | Although the LA-2- ospA complex induces a high reactivity of protective immune response for ''B. burgdorferi'', it lacks the broad specificity to encompass other genospecies of ''Borrelia''. In North America, Lyme borreliosis is caused by a single strain ''B.burgdorferi'', whereas in parts of Europe and Asia, a minimum of three strains, ''B. afzelli'', ''B. burgdorferi'', and ''B. garinii'' are involved in infecting humans<ref>PMID: 21217174</ref>. The lack of broad specificity in the LA-2- OspA complex is due to the presence of highly variable regions in ospA. | ||
<Structure load='1fj1' size='450' frame='true' align='right' caption=' | <Structure load='1fj1' size='450' frame='true' align='right' caption='Outer surface protein A (magenta and cyan) complex with antibody light chain (grey and pink) and heavy chain (green and yellow) (PDB code [[1fj1]]) ' | ||
scene='Insert optional scene name here' /> | scene='Insert optional scene name here' /> | ||
<scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1_chains_labeled/4'>Label All Chains</scene>---<scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1-condensed/5'>Show Only Chain E</scene>---<scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1-condensed/3'>Close up view</scene> | <scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1_chains_labeled/4'>Label All Chains</scene>---<scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1-condensed/5'>Show Only Chain E</scene>---<scene name='G1SecL05/1fj1-condensed/3'>Close up view</scene> | ||
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===Ala-208=== | ===Ala-208=== | ||
In ''B. burgdorferi'', residue 208 expresses Alanine, whereas in ''B. afzelii'', and ''B. garinii'', Glutamine is expressed. The variation in this residue is another factor, which inhibits successful antibody cross-reactivity between other strains of ''Borrelia''. LA-2 and OspA of ''B. burgdorferi'' forms a tight border when binding and this is promoted by the Alanine 208 residue. The Glutamine residue that is found in ''B. afzelii'' and ''B. garinii'' is longer and more problematic when it comes to binding<ref name = "interactions"/>. It creates a looser, more ineffective interface between the LA-2 and OspA, which conclusively makes an ineffectual vaccine. | In ''B. burgdorferi'', residue 208 expresses Alanine, whereas in ''B. afzelii'', and ''B. garinii'', Glutamine is expressed. The variation in this "first loop" residue is another factor, which inhibits successful antibody cross-reactivity between other strains of ''Borrelia''. LA-2 and OspA of ''B. burgdorferi'' forms a tight border when binding and this is promoted by the Alanine 208 residue. The Glutamine residue that is found in ''B. afzelii'' and ''B. garinii'' is longer and more problematic when it comes to binding<ref name = "interactions"/>. It creates a looser, more ineffective interface between the LA-2 and OspA, which conclusively makes an ineffectual vaccine. | ||
===Residues 217-237=== | ===Residues 217-237=== | ||
The binding of OspA and the LA-2 FAB is defined by the amino acid residue sequence 217-237, and causes nonspecific binding thus inhibiting the LA2-FAB-OspA complex binding to other species of ''Borrelia''<ref>PMID: 15864264</ref>. | This region is crucial in determining the effectiveness of the vaccine. The binding of OspA and the LA-2 FAB is defined by the amino acid residue sequence 217-237, and causes nonspecific binding thus inhibiting the LA2-FAB-OspA complex binding to other species of ''Borrelia''<ref>PMID: 15864264</ref>. | ||
==Literature References== | ==Literature References== | ||