Group:MUZIC:Tritopodin: Difference between revisions

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~~<Structure load~~=~~'Trit_pdz_pred.pdb' size~~=~~'400' frame~~=~~'true' align~~=~~'right' caption~~=~~'Prediction of the PDZ binding domain of Tritopodin . Lambert et al. ESyPred3D:Prediction of Proteins 3D structures. Bioinformatics 2002)' scene~~=~~'Insert optional scene name here' />~~

===Synaptopodin 2-like protein / Tritopodin===

==Introduction==

~~Tritopodin~~ is the third member (besides myopodin and synaptopodin) of the podin family ~~proteins~~ and is ~~codified~~ by the gene ''SYNPO2L''[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9H987]. Tritopodin has been revealed by database searches, and since it is the third member of the podin family of proteins with extended sequence similarity, was named ‘‘tritopodin’’. ~~Trotopodin~~ is also known under the names synaptopodin 2-like, ~~Myopodin~~-like and CHAP (cytoskeletal heart-enriched actin-associated protein) and is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue <ref> PMID:19151983 </ref>.

The synaptopodin 2-like protein or '''tritopodin''' is the third member (besides [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Group:MUZIC:Myopodin myopodin] and [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Group:MUZIC:Synaptopodin synaptopodin]) of the podin protein family and is encoded by the gene ''SYNPO2L''[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9H987]. Tritopodin has been revealed by database searches, and since it is the third member of the podin family of proteins with extended sequence similarity, was named ‘‘tritopodin’’. Tritopodin is also known under the names synaptopodin 2-like, myopodin-like and CHAP (cytoskeletal heart-enriched actin-associated protein) and is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue <ref> PMID:19151983 </ref>.

==Sequence Annotation==

Tritopodin ~~share~~ 33% of homology in the ~~Aminoacid sequence~~ with ~~Myopodin~~ and 30% with Synaptopodin <ref> PMID:9314539 </ref>, which ~~makes believe~~ similar functions for both proteins. The human gene SYNPO2L~~-Gen~~, that ~~codifies for Tritopodin it is form by~~ 5 exons, which are separated by different large introns. Database ~~Analysis~~ (UCSC Genome

Tritopodin shares 33% homology at the aminoacid level with myopodin and 30% with Synaptopodin <ref> PMID:9314539 </ref>, which predicts similar functions for both proteins. The human gene SYNPO2L, that encodes tritopodin exists of 5 exons, which are separated by different large introns. Database analysis (UCSC Genome Browser, EMBL) predicted 2 putative differential isoforms. Splicing isoforms: Tritopodin a (in human 102.5kDa and in mouse 103.3kDa and Tritopodin b (in both human and mouse 79kDa) (see figure). After done biochemicals experiments, Beqqali et al. postulated 2 isoforms: mCHAPa from exon 1,2,3 and 5, as well as mCHAPb that result from a start-codon in exon 4, from which derives two proteins variants of 140kDa (mCHAPa) and 110kDa (mCHAPb) <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

Browser, EMBL) predicted 2 putative differential ~~splicing sequence~~. Splicing sequence 1 lead to of the 4th Exons, while the intraexon splicing sequence 2 lead to the loss of the central portion of the 5th exon. From these splicing sequence and an alternative transcription start were predicted 2 isoforms: Tritopodin a (in human 102.5kDa and in mouse 103.3kDa ~~and 103k see figure)~~ and Tritopodin b (in both human and mouse 79kDa). After ~~running SDS gel~~ Beqqali et al. postulated mCHAPa from exon 1,2,3 and 5, as well as mCHAPb that result from a start-codon in exon 4, from which derives two proteins variants of 140kDa (mCHAPa) and 110kDa (mCHAPb) <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

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==Function==

Tritopodin is expressed in vivo and in vitro in differentiated skeletal- and heart muscle cells~~, associates with polymerized actin~~, and is conserved amongst vertebrates, indicating an essential role in muscle function. Furthermore Tritopodin is able to translocate to the nucleus, and plays an important role in skeletal and cardiac muscle development. <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref> <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

Tritopodin is expressed in vivo and in vitro in differentiated skeletal- and heart muscle cells, and is conserved amongst vertebrates, indicating an essential role in muscle function. Furthermore Tritopodin is able to translocate to the nucleus, and plays an important role in skeletal and cardiac muscle development. <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref> <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

==Tritopodin Interactions==

Tritopodin ~~and Myopodin localizes~~ in the sarcomeric Z-disc, where ~~they~~ interact with α-actinin, ~~verify~~ by CoIPs and yeast two-hybrid assays <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref>. ~~Adult~~ skeletal and ~~heart~~ tissue ~~shows~~ the colocalization ~~from mCHAP~~ with α-actinin in the sarcomeric Z-disc and in the nucleus in ~~embrional Cardiomyocytes~~ <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

Tritopodin localize in the sarcomeric Z-disc, where interact with α-actinin, which was verified by CoIPs and yeast two-hybrid assays <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref>. In adult skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue from mCHAP was demonstrated the colocalization with α-actinin in the sarcomeric Z-disc and in the nucleus in embryonal cardiomyocytes <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.

==Pathology==

Knockdown of CHAP in zebrafish, results in aberrant heart and skeletal muscle development, disorganized sarcomeres and ultimately lead to diminished cardiac contractility.

==References==

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-<Structure load='Trit_pdz_pred.pdb' size='400' frame='true' align='right' caption='Prediction of the PDZ binding domain of Tritopodin . Lambert et al. ESyPred3D:Prediction of Proteins 3D structures. Bioinformatics 2002)' scene='Insert optional scene name here' />
+===Synaptopodin 2-like protein / Tritopodin===
 ==Introduction==
-Tritopodin is the third member (besides myopodin and synaptopodin) of the podin family proteins and is codified by the gene ''SYNPO2L''[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9H987]. Tritopodin has been revealed by database searches, and since it is the third member  of the podin family of proteins with extended sequence similarity, was named ‘‘tritopodin’’. Trotopodin is also known under the names synaptopodin 2-like, Myopodin-like and CHAP (cytoskeletal heart-enriched actin-associated protein) and is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue <ref> PMID:19151983 </ref>.
+The synaptopodin 2-like protein or '''tritopodin''' is the third member (besides [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Group:MUZIC:Myopodin myopodin] and [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Group:MUZIC:Synaptopodin synaptopodin]) of the podin protein family and is encoded by the gene ''SYNPO2L''[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9H987]. Tritopodin has been revealed by database searches, and since it is the third member  of the podin family of proteins with extended sequence similarity, was named ‘‘tritopodin’’. Tritopodin is also known under the names synaptopodin 2-like, myopodin-like and CHAP (cytoskeletal heart-enriched actin-associated protein) and is found in heart and skeletal muscle tissue <ref> PMID:19151983 </ref>.
 ==Sequence Annotation==
-Tritopodin share 33% of homology in the Aminoacid sequence with Myopodin and 30% with Synaptopodin <ref> PMID:9314539 </ref>, which makes believe similar functions for both proteins. The human gene SYNPO2L-Gen, that codifies for Tritopodin it is form by 5 exons, which are separated by different large introns. Database Analysis (UCSC Genome
+Tritopodin shares 33% homology at the aminoacid level with myopodin and 30% with Synaptopodin <ref> PMID:9314539 </ref>, which predicts similar functions for both proteins. The human gene SYNPO2L, that encodes tritopodin exists of 5 exons, which are separated by different large introns. Database analysis (UCSC Genome Browser, EMBL) predicted 2 putative differential isoforms. Splicing isoforms: Tritopodin a (in human 102.5kDa and in mouse 103.3kDa and Tritopodin b (in both human and mouse 79kDa) (see figure). After done biochemicals experiments, Beqqali et al. postulated 2 isoforms: mCHAPa from exon 1,2,3 and 5, as well as mCHAPb that result from a start-codon in exon 4, from which derives two proteins variants of 140kDa (mCHAPa) and 110kDa (mCHAPb) <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
-Browser, EMBL) predicted 2 putative differential splicing sequence. Splicing sequence 1 lead to of the 4th Exons, while the intraexon splicing sequence 2 lead to the loss of the central portion of the 5th exon. From these splicing sequence and an alternative transcription start were predicted 2 isoforms: Tritopodin a (in human 102.5kDa and in mouse 103.3kDa and 103k see figure) and Tritopodin b (in both human and mouse 79kDa). After running SDS gel Beqqali et al. postulated  mCHAPa from exon 1,2,3 and 5, as well as mCHAPb that result from a start-codon in exon 4, from which derives two proteins variants of 140kDa (mCHAPa) and 110kDa (mCHAPb) <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
@@ Line 13: / Line 12: @@
 ==Function==
-Tritopodin is expressed in vivo and in vitro in differentiated skeletal- and heart muscle cells, associates with polymerized actin, and is conserved amongst vertebrates, indicating an essential role in muscle function. Furthermore Tritopodin is able to translocate to the nucleus, and plays an important role in skeletal and cardiac muscle development. <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref> <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
+Tritopodin is expressed in vivo and in vitro in differentiated skeletal- and heart muscle cells, and is conserved amongst vertebrates, indicating an essential role in muscle function. Furthermore Tritopodin is able to translocate to the nucleus, and plays an important role in skeletal and cardiac muscle development. <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref> <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
 ==Tritopodin Interactions==
-Tritopodin and Myopodin localizes in the sarcomeric Z-disc, where they interact with α-actinin, verify by CoIPs and yeast two-hybrid assays <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref>. Adult skeletal and heart tissue shows the colocalization from mCHAP with α-actinin in the sarcomeric Z-disc and in the nucleus in embrional Cardiomyocytes <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
+Tritopodin localize in the sarcomeric Z-disc, where interact with α-actinin, which was verified by CoIPs and yeast two-hybrid assays <ref> PMID:20554076 </ref>. In adult skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue from mCHAP was demonstrated the colocalization with α-actinin in the sarcomeric Z-disc and in the nucleus in embryonal cardiomyocytes <ref> PMID:20215401 </ref>.
 ==Pathology==
+Knockdown of CHAP in zebrafish, results in aberrant heart and skeletal muscle development, disorganized sarcomeres and ultimately lead to diminished cardiac contractility.
 ==References==
 <references/>