Sandbox Reserved 384: Difference between revisions

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OCA, Logan Brushart, John Means

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 ===Molecular Function===
-The purpose of the receptor is to bind glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in the presence of glucose. This causes a chain reaction that increases secretion of insulin molecules. GIP binds to GIPR though <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_384/Hydrophobics/1'>hydrophobic interactions</scene> and causes the release of G protein-coupled receptors, which in turn causes an enzymatic cascade resulting in the increased secretion of insulin. This occurs in the pancreatic islet beta-cells. It is likely that the cause of type 2 diabetes is due to the inability of GIP to bind properly to GIPR.<ref>PMID:11334402</ref>
+The purpose of the receptor is to bind glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in the presence of glucose. This causes a chain reaction that increases secretion of insulin molecules. GIP binds to GIPR though <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_384/Hydrophobics/1'>hydrophobic interactions</scene> and causes action of G protein-coupled receptors, which in turn causes an enzymatic cascade resulting in the increased secretion of insulin<ref>PMID:11334402</ref>. This occurs in the pancreatic islet beta-cells. It is likely that the cause of type 2 diabetes is due to the inability of GIP to bind properly to GIPR.
 ===Ongoing Research===
 The significance of this receptor makes it a prime target for diabetes research. Incretins are a class of biological molecules that act like gastrointestinal hormones. One such example is glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which works with GIP to regulate the body's insulin levels. Synthetic versions of this peptide hormone have been made to treat people with type-2 diabetes. It works by stimulating GIP production as well as insulin secretion causing the body to properly regulate its blood glucose levels like someone without diabetes. The benefit of synthetic GLP-1 is that it is not protein and so would not be degraded as easily therefore prolonging the benefits of the drug. One such example is Byetta<ref>"Byetta." BYETTA (exenatide) Injection | Welcome to BYETTA.com. Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2011. Web. 02 Dec. 2011. <http://www.byetta.com/Pages/index.aspx></ref>.
-[[Image:F3.large.jpg |400px| |left| |caption=<ref>"A Novel Pathway for Regulation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) Receptor Expression in ß Cells." The FASEB Journal 17.1 (2003): 91-93. Print.</ref>|]]
+[[Image:F3.large.jpg|thumb|400px|left|GIP-induced Pathway.<ref>PMID:12475913</ref>]]
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