View source for DNA mismatch repair protein

<StructureSection load='7ai5' size='340' side='right' caption='E. coli MutS complex with DNA and ATP (PDB id [[7ai5]])' scene='91/916389/Cv/1'>


== Function ==

'''DNA mismatch repair proteins''' are key players in genomic stability by signalling mismatches occurring during DNA replication and recombination<ref>PMID:18157157</ref> .<br/>
*'''MutS''' is prokaryotic and recognizes base-base mismatches and small insertion/deletion mispairs<ref>PMID:11048711</ref> .<br />
*'''MutL''' enhances recognition of mismatches<ref>PMID:15470502</ref>  <br />
*'''MutH''' is the eukaryotic homolog of MutS. See also [[DNA Repair]] <br />
*'''MLH1, MLH3, PMS1, PMS2''' are the human homologs of MutL<ref>PMID:15475387</ref> <br />

== Disease ==

Mutations in DNA mismatch repair proteins cause hereditary colorectal cancer and loss of these proteins cause significant fraction of sporadic cancers<ref>PMID:18406444</ref>.

== Structural highlights ==

MutS is composed of several domains: N-terminal mismatch-recognition domain; connector domain; core domain; clamp domain; ATPase domain; helix-turn-helix domain.  The complex between ''E. coli'' MutS and DNA in the scanning mode shows the straight DNA strand clamped between the two MutS monomers and held by the <scene name='91/916389/Cv/2'>mismatch binding domain</scene> (residues 1-115) and the <scene name='91/916389/Cv/3'>clamp domain</scene> (residues 444-503)<ref>PMID:33820992</ref>. In the 3D structure of the mismatch-bound MutS, the DNA strand is kinked by 60 degrees.

==3D structures of DNA mismatch repair protein==

[[DNA mismatch repair protein 3D structures]]
</StructureSection>
== References ==
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