View source for 8wx3


==Cryo-EM structure of human SLC15A4 (outward-facing open)==
<StructureSection load='8wx3' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8wx3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.83&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8wx3]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8WX3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8WX3 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.83&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8wx3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8wx3 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8wx3 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8wx3 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8wx3 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8wx3 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/S15A4_HUMAN S15A4_HUMAN] Proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that mediates the transmembrane transport of L-histidine and some di- and tripeptides from inside the lysosome to the cytosol, and plays a key role in innate immune response (PubMed:16289537, PubMed:25238095, PubMed:29224352). Able to transport a variety of di- and tripeptides, including carnosine and some peptidoglycans (PubMed:29224352, PubMed:31073693). Transporter activity is pH-dependent and maximized in the acidic lysosomal environment (By similarity). Involved in the detection of microbial pathogens by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), probably by mediating transport of bacterial peptidoglycans across the endolysosomal membrane: catalyzes the transport of certain bacterial peptidoglycans, such as muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the NOD2 ligand, and L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate (tri-DAP), the NOD1 ligand (PubMed:25238095, PubMed:29224352). Required for TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9-mediated type I interferon (IFN-I) productions in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) (PubMed:25238095). Independently of its transporter activity, also promotes the recruitment of innate immune adapter TASL to endolysosome downstream of TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9: TASL recruitment leads to the specific recruitment and activation of IRF5 (PubMed:32433612). Required for isotype class switch recombination to IgG2c isotype in response to TLR9 stimulation (By similarity). Required for mast cell secretory-granule homeostasis by limiting mast cell functions and inflammatory responses (By similarity).[UniProtKB:O09014][UniProtKB:Q91W98]<ref>PMID:16289537</ref> <ref>PMID:25238095</ref> <ref>PMID:29224352</ref> <ref>PMID:31073693</ref> <ref>PMID:32433612</ref> 
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ohto U]]
[[Category: Sakaniwa K]]
[[Category: Shimizu T]]
[[Category: Zhang Z]]