View source for 7mkl


==SARS-CoV-2 Spike in complex with neutralizing Fab SARS2-38 (three down conformation)==
<StructureSection load='7mkl' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7mkl]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7mkl]] is a 5 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7MKL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7MKL FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7mkl FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7mkl OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7mkl PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7mkl RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7mkl PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7mkl ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SPIKE_SARS2 SPIKE_SARS2] attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection (By similarity). Binding to human ACE2 receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell induces conformational changes in the Spike glycoprotein (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444). Uses also human TMPRSS2 for priming in human lung cells which is an essential step for viral entry (PubMed:32142651). Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]<ref>PMID:32075877</ref> <ref>PMID:32142651</ref> <ref>PMID:32155444</ref>   mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]  Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
With the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with increased transmissibility and potential resistance, antibodies and vaccines with broadly inhibitory activity are needed. Here, we developed a panel of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bound the receptor binding domain of the spike protein at distinct epitopes and blocked virus attachment to its host receptor, human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (hACE2). Although several potently neutralizing mAbs protected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice against infection caused by ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strains, others induced escape variants in vivo or lost neutralizing activity against emerging strains. One mAb, SARS2-38, potently neutralized all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and protected mice against challenge by multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains. Structural analysis showed that SARS2-38 engaged a conserved epitope proximal to the receptor binding motif. Thus, treatment with or induction of neutralizing antibodies that bind conserved spike epitopes may limit the loss of potency of therapies or vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

A potently neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibody inhibits variants of concern by utilizing unique binding residues in a highly conserved epitope.,VanBlargan LA, Adams LJ, Liu Z, Chen RE, Gilchuk P, Raju S, Smith BK, Zhao H, Case JB, Winkler ES, Whitener BM, Droit L, Aziati ID, Bricker TL, Joshi A, Shi PY, Creanga A, Pegu A, Handley SA, Wang D, Boon ACM, Crowe JE Jr, Whelan SPJ, Fremont DH, Diamond MS Immunity. 2021 Oct 12;54(10):2399-2416.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.016. , Epub 2021 Aug 19. PMID:34481543<ref>PMID:34481543</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 7mkl" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Antibody 3D structures|Antibody 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]]
[[Category: Adams LJ]]
[[Category: Fremont DH]]