View source for 7bo4


==Human Butyrylcholinesterase in complex with 3-(2-(butyl(2-cycloheptylethyl)amino)ethyl)-1H-indol-6-ol==
<StructureSection load='7bo4' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7bo4]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.40&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7bo4]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7BO4 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7BO4 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.401&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=A87:3-[2-[butyl(2-cycloheptylethyl)amino]ethyl]-1~{H}-indol-6-ol'>A87</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FUC:ALPHA-L-FUCOSE'>FUC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MES:2-(N-MORPHOLINO)-ETHANESULFONIC+ACID'>MES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MOH:METHANOL'>MOH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SIA:O-SIALIC+ACID'>SIA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7bo4 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7bo4 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7bo4 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7bo4 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7bo4 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7bo4 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHLE_HUMAN CHLE_HUMAN] Defects in BCHE are the cause of butyrylcholinesterase deficiency (BChE deficiency) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/177400 177400]. BChE deficiency is a metabolic disorder characterized by prolonged apnoea after the use of certain anesthetic drugs, including the muscle relaxants succinylcholine or mivacurium and other ester local anesthetics. The duration of the prolonged apnoea varies significantly depending on the extent of the enzyme deficiency. BChE deficiency is a multifactorial disorder. The hereditary condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHLE_HUMAN CHLE_HUMAN] Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.<ref>PMID:19542320</ref> <ref>PMID:19452557</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Lead optimization of a series of tryptophan-based nanomolar butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors led to tertiary amines as highly potent, achiral, sp(3)-rich analogues with better synthetic accessibility and high selectivity over acetylcholinesterase (one to ten thousandfold). Taking it one step further, the introduction of a carbamate warhead on the well-explored reversible scaffold allowed conversion to pseudoirreversible inhibitors that bound covalently to BChE and prolonged the duration of inhibition (half-life of 14.8 h for compound 45a-carbamoylated enzyme). Additionally, N-hydroxyindole was discovered as a novel leaving group chemotype. The covalent mechanism of action was confirmed by time-dependency experiments, progress curve analysis, and indirectly by co-crystallization with the human recombinant enzyme. Two crystal structures of BChE-inhibitor complexes were solved and coupled with the supporting molecular dynamics simulations increased our understanding of the structure-activity relationship, while also providing the necessary structural information for future optimization of this series. Overall, this research demonstates the high versatility and potential of this series of BChE inhibitors.

From tryptophan-based amides to tertiary amines: Optimization of a butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor series.,Meden A, Knez D, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Dias J, Svete J, Stojan J, Groselj U, Gobec S Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Mar 7;234:114248. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114248. PMID:35299116<ref>PMID:35299116</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7bo4" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Butyrylcholinesterase 3D structures|Butyrylcholinesterase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Brazzolotto X]]
[[Category: Gobec S]]
[[Category: Knez D]]
[[Category: Meden A]]
[[Category: Nachon F]]