View source for 6bvb


==Crystal structure of HIF-2alpha-pVHL-elongin B-elongin C==
<StructureSection load='6bvb' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6bvb]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6bvb]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6BVB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6BVB FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.002&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HYP:4-HYDROXYPROLINE'>HYP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6bvb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6bvb OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6bvb PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6bvb RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6bvb PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6bvb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VHL_HUMAN VHL_HUMAN] Defects in VHL are a cause of susceptibility to pheochromocytoma (PCC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/171300 171300]. A catecholamine-producing tumor of chromaffin tissue of the adrenal medulla or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine, is hypertension, which may be persistent or intermittent.  Defects in VHL are the cause of von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/193300 193300]. VHLD is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome characterized by the development of retinal angiomatosis, cerebellar and spinal hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), phaeochromocytoma and pancreatic tumors. VHL type 1 is without pheochromocytoma, type 2 is with pheochromocytoma. VHL type 2 is further subdivided into types 2A (pheochromocytoma, retinal angioma, and hemangioblastomas without renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cyst) and 2B (pheochromocytoma, retinal angioma, and hemangioblastomas with renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cyst). VHL type 2C refers to patients with isolated pheochromocytoma without hemangioblastoma or renal cell carcinoma. The estimated incidence is 3/100000 births per year and penetrance is 97% by age 60 years.<ref>PMID:10635329</ref> <ref>PMID:8493574</ref> <ref>PMID:7987306</ref> <ref>PMID:7728151</ref> <ref>PMID:8634692</ref> <ref>PMID:8592333</ref> <ref>PMID:8825918</ref> <ref>PMID:8730290</ref> <ref>PMID:8956040</ref> <ref>PMID:9452032</ref> <ref>PMID:9452106</ref> <ref>PMID:10627136</ref> <ref>PMID:9829911</ref> <ref>PMID:9829912</ref> [:]<ref>PMID:10533030</ref> <ref>PMID:10408776</ref> <ref>PMID:16502427</ref>   Defects in VHL are the cause of familial erythrocytosis type 2 (ECYT2) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/263400 263400]; also called VHL-dependent polycythemia or Chuvash type polycythemia. ECYT2 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by an increase in serum red blood cell mass, hypersensitivity of erythroid progenitors to erythropoietin, increased erythropoietin serum levels, and normal oxygen affinity. Patients with ECYT2 carry a high risk for peripheral thrombosis and cerebrovascular events.<ref>PMID:12844285</ref> <ref>PMID:12393546</ref>   Defects in VHL are a cause of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/144700 144700]. Renal cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the proximal renal tubular epithelium. It is subclassified into clear cell renal carcinoma (non-papillary carcinoma), papillary renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, collecting duct carcinoma with medullary carcinoma of the kidney, and unclassified renal cell carcinoma.<ref>PMID:11986208</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VHL_HUMAN VHL_HUMAN] Involved in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitination complex. Seems to act as target recruitment subunit in the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and recruits hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) under normoxic conditions. Involved in transcriptional repression through interaction with HIF1A, HIF1AN and histone deacetylases. Ubiquitinates, in an oxygen-responsive manner, ADRB2.<ref>PMID:9751722</ref> <ref>PMID:10944113</ref> <ref>PMID:19584355</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
It is definitively established that mutations in transcription factor HIF-2alpha are causative of both neuroendocrine tumors (class 1 disease) and polycythemia (class 2 disease). However, the molecular mechanism that underlies this emergent genotype-phenotype relationship has remained unclear. Here, we report the structure of HIF-2alpha peptide bound to pVHL-elongin B-elongin C (VBC) heterotrimeric complex, which shows topographical demarcation of class 1 and 2 mutations affecting residues predicted, and demonstrated via biophysical analyses, to differentially impact HIF-2alpha-pVHL interaction interface stability. Concordantly, biochemical experiments showed that class 1 mutations disrupt pVHL affinity to HIF-2alpha more adversely than class 2 mutations directly or indirectly via impeding PHD2-mediated hydroxylation. These findings suggest that neuroendocrine tumor pathogenesis requires a higher HIF-2alpha dose than polycythemia, which requires only a mild increase in HIF-2alpha activity. These biophysical data reveal a structural basis that underlies, and can be used to predict de novo, broad genotype-phenotype correlations in HIF-2alpha-driven disease.

HIF-2alpha-pVHL complex reveals broad genotype-phenotype correlations in HIF-2alpha-driven disease.,Tarade D, Robinson CM, Lee JE, Ohh M Nat Commun. 2018 Aug 22;9(1):3359. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05554-1. PMID:30135421<ref>PMID:30135421</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6bvb" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Elongation factor 3D structures|Elongation factor 3D structures]]
*[[3D structures of hypoxia-inducible factor|3D structures of hypoxia-inducible factor]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lee JE]]
[[Category: Ohh M]]
[[Category: Tarade D]]