View source for 5xez


==Structure of the Full-length glucagon class B G protein-coupled receptor==
<StructureSection load='5xez' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5xez]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5xez]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_virus_T4 Escherichia virus T4] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5XEZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5XEZ FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=97V:4-{[(4-CYCLOHEXYLPHENYL){[3-(METHYLSULFONYL)PHENYL]CARBAMOYL}AMINO]METHYL}-N-(1H-TETRAZOL-5-YL)BENZAMIDE'>97V</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5xez FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5xez OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5xez PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5xez RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5xez PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5xez ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENLYS_BPT4 ENLYS_BPT4] Endolysin with lysozyme activity that degrades host peptidoglycans and participates with the holin and spanin proteins in the sequential events which lead to the programmed host cell lysis releasing the mature viral particles. Once the holin has permeabilized the host cell membrane, the endolysin can reach the periplasm and break down the peptidoglycan layer.<ref>PMID:22389108</ref> [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLR_HUMAN GLR_HUMAN] This is a receptor for glucagon which plays a central role in regulating the level of blood glucose by controlling the rate of hepatic glucose production and insulin secretion. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The human glucagon receptor, GCGR, belongs to the class B G-protein-coupled receptor family and plays a key role in glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Here we report the 3.0 A crystal structure of full-length GCGR containing both the extracellular domain and transmembrane domain in an inactive conformation. The two domains are connected by a 12-residue segment termed the stalk, which adopts a beta-strand conformation, instead of forming an alpha-helix as observed in the previously solved structure of the GCGR transmembrane domain. The first extracellular loop exhibits a beta-hairpin conformation and interacts with the stalk to form a compact beta-sheet structure. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange, disulfide crosslinking and molecular dynamics studies suggest that the stalk and the first extracellular loop have critical roles in modulating peptide ligand binding and receptor activation. These insights into the full-length GCGR structure deepen our understanding of the signalling mechanisms of class B G-protein-coupled receptors.

Structure of the full-length glucagon class B G-protein-coupled receptor.,Zhang H, Qiao A, Yang D, Yang L, Dai A, de Graaf C, Reedtz-Runge S, Dharmarajan V, Zhang H, Han GW, Grant TD, Sierra RG, Weierstall U, Nelson G, Liu W, Wu Y, Ma L, Cai X, Lin G, Wu X, Geng Z, Dong Y, Song G, Griffin PR, Lau J, Cherezov V, Yang H, Hanson MA, Stevens RC, Zhao Q, Jiang H, Wang MW, Wu B Nature. 2017 Jun 8;546(7657):259-264. doi: 10.1038/nature22363. Epub 2017 May 17. PMID:28514451<ref>PMID:28514451</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5xez" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glucagon receptor|Glucagon receptor]]
*[[Monoclonal Antibodies 3D structures|Monoclonal Antibodies 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Escherichia virus T4]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Cai X]]
[[Category: Cherezov V]]
[[Category: Dai A]]
[[Category: Dharmarajan V]]
[[Category: Dong Y]]
[[Category: Geng Z]]
[[Category: Grant T]]
[[Category: Griffin P]]
[[Category: Han GW]]
[[Category: Hanson M]]
[[Category: Jiang H]]
[[Category: Lau J]]
[[Category: Lin G]]
[[Category: Liu W]]
[[Category: Ma L]]
[[Category: Nelson G]]
[[Category: Qiao A]]
[[Category: Reedtz-Runge S]]
[[Category: Sierra R]]
[[Category: Song G]]
[[Category: Stevens R]]
[[Category: Wang M]]
[[Category: Weierstall U]]
[[Category: Wu B]]
[[Category: Wu X]]
[[Category: Wu Y]]
[[Category: Yang D]]
[[Category: Yang H]]
[[Category: Yang L]]
[[Category: Zhang H]]
[[Category: Zhao Q]]
[[Category: De Graaf C]]