View source for 5apc


==Hen Egg White Lysozyme illuminated with 0.4THz radiation==
<StructureSection load='5apc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5apc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5apc]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus Gallus gallus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5APC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5APC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5apc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5apc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5apc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5apc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5apc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5apc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Whether long-range quantum coherent states could exist in biological systems, and beyond low-temperature regimes where quantum physics is known to be applicable, has been the subject to debate for decades. It was proposed by Frohlich that vibrational modes within protein molecules can order and condense into a lowest-frequency vibrational mode in a process similar to Bose-Einstein condensation, and thus that macroscopic coherence could potentially be observed in biological systems. Despite the prediction of these so-called Frohlich condensates almost five decades ago, experimental evidence thereof has been lacking. Here, we present the first experimental observation of Frohlich condensation in a protein structure. To that end, and to overcome the challenges associated with probing low-frequency molecular vibrations in proteins (which has hampered understanding of their role in proteins' function), we combined terahertz techniques with a highly sensitive X-ray crystallographic method to visualize low-frequency vibrational modes in the protein structure of hen-egg white lysozyme. We found that 0.4 THz electromagnetic radiation induces non-thermal changes in electron density. In particular, we observed a local increase of electron density in a long alpha-helix motif consistent with a subtle longitudinal compression of the helix. These observed electron density changes occur at a low absorption rate indicating that thermalization of terahertz photons happens on a micro- to milli-second time scale, which is much slower than the expected nanosecond time scale due to damping of delocalized low frequency vibrations. Our analyses show that the micro- to milli-second lifetime of the vibration can only be explained by Frohlich condensation, a phenomenon predicted almost half a century ago, yet never experimentally confirmed.

Terahertz radiation induces non-thermal structural changes associated with Frohlich condensation in a protein crystal.,Lundholm IV, Rodilla H, Wahlgren WY, Duelli A, Bourenkov G, Vukusic J, Friedman R, Stake J, Schneider T, Katona G Struct Dyn. 2015 Oct 13;2(5):054702. doi: 10.1063/1.4931825. eCollection 2015, Sep. PMID:26798828<ref>PMID:26798828</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5apc" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Lysozyme 3D structures|Lysozyme 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Gallus gallus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bourenkov G]]
[[Category: Duelli A]]
[[Category: Friedman R]]
[[Category: Katona G]]
[[Category: Lundholm I]]
[[Category: Rodilla H]]
[[Category: Schneider T]]
[[Category: Stake J]]
[[Category: Vukusic J]]
[[Category: Wahlgren WY]]