View source for 4rf3


==Crystal Structure of ketoreductase from Lactobacillus kefir, mutant A94F==
<StructureSection load='4rf3' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4rf3]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.69&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4rf3]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentilactobacillus_kefiri Lentilactobacillus kefiri]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4RF3 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4RF3 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.694&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4rf3 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4rf3 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4rf3 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4rf3 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4rf3 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4rf3 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RADH_LENKE RADH_LENKE] NADP-dependent (R)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) with a broad substrate specificity, able to catalyze in vitro the stereoselective reduction of several aliphatic and aromatic ketones as well as beta-keto esters to the corresponding enantiomerically pure alcohols.<ref>PMID:26644568</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Mutants of Lactobacillus kefir short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase, used here as ketoreductases (KREDs), enantioselectively reduce the pharmaceutically relevant substrates 3-thiacyclopentanone and 3-oxacyclopentanone. These substrates differ by only the heteroatom (S or O) in the ring, but the KRED mutants reduce them with different enantioselectivities. Kinetic studies show that these enzymes are more efficient with 3-thiacyclopentanone than with 3-oxacyclopentanone. X-ray crystal structures of apo- and NADP+-bound selected mutants show that the substrate-binding loop conformational preferences are modified by these mutations. Quantum mechanical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the mechanism of reduction by the enzyme. We have developed an MD-based method for studying the diastereomeric transition state complexes and rationalize different enantiomeric ratios. This method, which probes the stability of the catalytic arrangement within the theozyme, shows a correlation between the relative fractions of catalytically competent poses for the enantiomeric reductions and the experimental enantiomeric ratio. Some mutations, such as A94F and Y190F, induce conformational changes in the active site that enlarge the small binding pocket, facilitating accommodation of the larger S atom in this region and enhancing S-selectivity with 3-thiacyclopentanone. In contrast, in the E145S mutant and the final variant evolved for large-scale production of the intermediate for the antibiotic sulopenem, R-selectivity is promoted by shrinking the small binding pocket, thereby destabilizing the pro-S orientation.

Origins of stereoselectivity in evolved ketoreductases.,Noey EL, Tibrewal N, Jimenez-Oses G, Osuna S, Park J, Bond CM, Cascio D, Liang J, Zhang X, Huisman GW, Tang Y, Houk KN Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Dec 7. pii: 201507910. PMID:26644568<ref>PMID:26644568</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4rf3" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Alcohol dehydrogenase 3D structures|Alcohol dehydrogenase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lentilactobacillus kefiri]]
[[Category: Cascio D]]
[[Category: Tang Y]]
[[Category: Tibrewal N]]