View source for 4iy6


==Crystal structure of the GLUA2 ligand-binding domain (S1S2J-L483Y-N754S) in complex with glutamate and ME-CX516 at 1.72 A resolution==
<StructureSection load='4iy6' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4iy6]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.72&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4iy6]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4IY6 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4IY6 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.72&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MQR:[(3R)-3-METHYLPIPERIDIN-1-YL](QUINOXALIN-6-YL)METHANONE'>MQR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MQS:[(3S)-3-METHYLPIPERIDIN-1-YL](QUINOXALIN-6-YL)METHANONE'>MQS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4iy6 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4iy6 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4iy6 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4iy6 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4iy6 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4iy6 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRIA2_RAT GRIA2_RAT] Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.<ref>PMID:9351977</ref> <ref>PMID:19265014</ref> <ref>PMID:21172611</ref> <ref>PMID:12501192</ref> <ref>PMID:12015593</ref> <ref>PMID:12872125</ref> <ref>PMID:12730367</ref> <ref>PMID:16192394</ref> <ref>PMID:15591246</ref> <ref>PMID:17018279</ref> <ref>PMID:16483599</ref> <ref>PMID:19946266</ref> <ref>PMID:21317873</ref> <ref>PMID:21846932</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Positive allosteric modulators of the ionotropic glutamate receptor A2 (GluA2) can serve as lead compounds for the development of cognitive enhancers. Several benzamide-type (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (AMPA) receptor modulators such as aniracetam, CX516 and CX614 have been shown to inhibit the deactivation of AMPA receptors with a less pronounced effect on desensitization. Despite CX516 being an extensively investigated AMPA receptor modulator and one of the few clinically evaluated compounds, the binding mode of CX516 to AMPA receptors has not been reported. Here, the structures of a GluA2 ligand-binding domain mutant in complex with CX516 and the 3-methylpiperidine analogue of CX516 (Me-CX516) are reported. The structures show that the binding modes of CX516 and Me-CX516 are similar to those of aniracetam and CX614 and that there is limited space for substitution at the piperidine ring of CX516. The results therefore support that CX516, like aniracetam and CX614, modulates deactivation of AMPA receptors.

Structural analysis of the positive AMPA receptor modulators CX516 and Me-CX516 in complex with the GluA2 ligand-binding domain.,Krintel C, Harpsoe K, Zachariassen LG, Peters D, Frydenvang K, Pickering DS, Gajhede M, Kastrup JS Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2013 Sep 1;69(Pt 9):1645-52. doi:, 10.1107/S0907444913011839. Epub 2013 Aug 15. PMID:23999288<ref>PMID:23999288</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4iy6" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glutamate receptor 3D structures|Glutamate receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Frydenvang K]]
[[Category: Gajhede M]]
[[Category: Harpsoe K]]
[[Category: Kastrup JS]]
[[Category: Krintel C]]