View source for 4cbw


==Crystal structure of Plasmodium berghei actin I with D-loop from muscle actin==
<StructureSection load='4cbw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4cbw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4cbw]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium_berghei Plasmodium berghei] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct Synthetic construct]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4CBW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4CBW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.501&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DIO:1,4-DIETHYLENE+DIOXIDE'>DIO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4cbw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4cbw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4cbw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4cbw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4cbw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4cbw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACT1_PLABA ACT1_PLABA] Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACTS_PIG ACTS_PIG] Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Actins are highly conserved proteins and key players in central processes in all eukaryotic cells. The two actins of the malaria parasite are among the most divergent eukaryotic actins and also differ from each other more than isoforms in any other species. Microfilaments have not been directly observed in Plasmodium and are presumed to be short and highly dynamic. We show that actin I cannot complement actin II in male gametogenesis, suggesting critical structural differences. Cryo-EM reveals that Plasmodium actin I has a unique filament structure, whereas actin II filaments resemble canonical F-actin. Both Plasmodium actins hydrolyze ATP more efficiently than alpha-actin, and unlike any other actin, both parasite actins rapidly form short oligomers induced by ADP. Crystal structures of both isoforms pinpoint several structural changes in the monomers causing the unique polymerization properties. Inserting the canonical D-loop to Plasmodium actin I leads to the formation of long filaments in vitro. In vivo, this chimera restores gametogenesis in parasites lacking actin II, suggesting that stable filaments are required for exflagellation. Together, these data underline the divergence of eukaryotic actins and demonstrate how structural differences in the monomers translate into filaments with different properties, implying that even eukaryotic actins have faced different evolutionary pressures and followed different paths for developing their polymerization properties.

Structural differences explain diverse functions of Plasmodium actins.,Vahokoski J, Bhargav SP, Desfosses A, Andreadaki M, Kumpula EP, Martinez SM, Ignatev A, Lepper S, Frischknecht F, Siden-Kiamos I, Sachse C, Kursula I PLoS Pathog. 2014 Apr 17;10(4):e1004091. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004091., eCollection 2014 Apr. PMID:24743229<ref>PMID:24743229</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4cbw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Actin 3D structures|Actin 3D structures]]
*[[Gelsolin 3D structures|Gelsolin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Plasmodium berghei]]
[[Category: Synthetic construct]]
[[Category: Andreadaki M]]
[[Category: Bhargav SP]]
[[Category: Desfosses A]]
[[Category: Frischknecht F]]
[[Category: Ignatev A]]
[[Category: Kumpula EP]]
[[Category: Kursula I]]
[[Category: Lepper S]]
[[Category: Munico Martinez S]]
[[Category: Sachse C]]
[[Category: Siden-Kiamos I]]
[[Category: Vahokoski J]]