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==Crystallographic structure of an amyloidogenic variant, 3rCW, of the germinal line lambda 3==
<StructureSection load='4aj0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4aj0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4aj0]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4AJ0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4AJ0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PG0:2-(2-METHOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL'>PG0</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4aj0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4aj0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4aj0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4aj0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4aj0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4aj0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a disease which affects vital organs by the fibrillar aggregation of monoclonal light chains. lambda3r germ line is significantly implicated in this disease. In this work, we contrasted the thermodynamic stability and aggregation propensity of 3mJL2 (non amyloidogenic) and 3rJL2 (amyloidogenic) lambda3 germ lines. Due to an inherent limitation (extremely low expression), Cys at position 34 of the 3r germ-line, was replaced by Tyr reaching a good expression yield. A second substitution (W91A), was introduced in 3r in order to obtain a better template to incorporate additional mutations. Although the single mutant (C34Y) was not fibrillogenic, the second mutation located at CDR3 (W91A), induced fibrillogenesis. We propose, for the first time, that CDR3 (position 91) affects the stability and fiber formation of human lambda3r light chains. Using the double mutant (3rJL2/YA) as template, other variants were constructed in order to evaluate the importance of those substitutions into the stability and aggregation propensity of lambda3 light chains. A change in position 7 (P7D), boosted 3rJL2/YA fibrillogenic properties. Modification of position 48 (I48M) partially reverted 3rJL2/YA fibril aggregation. Finally, changes at positions 8 (P8S) or 40 (P40S) completely reverted fibril formation. These results confirm the influential roles of N-terminal region (positions 7 and 8) and the loop 40-60 (positions 40 and 48) on (AL) amyloidosis. X-ray crystallography revealed that the three-dimensional topology of the single and double lambda3r mutants was not significantly altered. This mutagenic approach, helped to identify key regions implicated in lambda3 (AL) amyloidosis.

Site-directed Mutagenesis Reveals Regions Implicated in the Stability and Fiber Formation of Human lambda3r Light Chains.,Villalba MI, Canul-Tec JC, Luna-Martinez OD, Sanchez-Alcala R, Olamendi-Portugal T, Rudino-Pinera E, Rojas S, Sanchez-Lopez R, Fernandez-Velasco DA, Becerril B J Biol Chem. 2014 Dec 11. pii: jbc.M114.629550. PMID:25505244<ref>PMID:25505244</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Becerril B]]
[[Category: Fernandez-Velasco DA]]
[[Category: Luna OD]]
[[Category: Olamendi-Portugal T]]
[[Category: Rojas-Trejo S]]
[[Category: Rudino-Pinera E]]
[[Category: Sanchez R]]
[[Category: Sanchez-Lopez R]]
[[Category: Villalba MI]]