View source for 3hqd


==Human kinesin Eg5 motor domain in complex with AMPPNP and Mg2+==
<StructureSection load='3hqd' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3hqd]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.19&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3hqd]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3HQD OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3HQD FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.19&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ANP:PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC+ACID-ADENYLATE+ESTER'>ANP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3hqd FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3hqd OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3hqd PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3hqd RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3hqd PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3hqd ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KIF11_HUMAN KIF11_HUMAN] Defects in KIF11 are the cause of microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema, or mental retardation (MCLMR) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/152950 152950]. An autosomal dominant disorder that involves an overlapping but variable spectrum of central nervous system and ocular developmental anomalies. Microcephaly ranges from mild to severe and is often associated with mild to moderate developmental delay and a characteristic facial phenotype with upslanting palpebral fissures, broad nose with rounded tip, long philtrum with thin upper lip, prominent chin, and prominent ears. Chorioretinopathy is the most common eye abnormality, but retinal folds, microphthalmia, and myopic and hypermetropic astigmatism have also been reported, and some individuals have no overt ocular phenotype. Congenital lymphedema, when present, is typically confined to the dorsa of the feet, and lymphoscintigraphy reveals the absence of radioactive isotope uptake from the webspaces between the toes.<ref>PMID:22284827</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KIF11_HUMAN KIF11_HUMAN] Motor protein required for establishing a bipolar spindle. Blocking of KIF11 prevents centrosome migration and arrest cells in mitosis with monoastral microtubule arrays.<ref>PMID:19001501</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/hq/3hqd_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3hqd ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Motor proteins couple steps in ATP binding and hydrolysis to conformational switching both in and remote from the active site. In our kinesin.AMPPPNP crystal structure, closure of the active site results in structural transformations appropriate for microtubule binding and organizes an orthosteric two-water cluster. We conclude that a proton is shared between the lytic water, positioned for gamma-phosphate attack, and a second water that serves as a general base. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental detection of the catalytic base for any ATPase. Deprotonation of the second water by switch residues likely triggers subsequent large scale structural rearrangements. Therefore, the catalytic base is responsible for initiating nucleophilic attack of ATP and for relaying the positive charge over long distances to initiate mechanotransduction. Coordination of switch movements via sequential proton transfer along paired water clusters may be universal for nucleotide triphosphatases with conserved active sites, such as myosins and G-proteins.

ATP hydrolysis in Eg5 kinesin involves a catalytic two-water mechanism.,Parke CL, Wojcik EJ, Kim S, Worthylake DK J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 19;285(8):5859-67. Epub 2009 Dec 15. PMID:20018897<ref>PMID:20018897</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3hqd" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Kinesin 3D Structures|Kinesin 3D Structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Kim S]]
[[Category: Parke CL]]
[[Category: Wojcik EJ]]
[[Category: Worthylake DK]]