View source for 2zb2


==Human liver glycogen phosphorylase a complexed with glcose and 5-chloro-N-[4-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide==
<StructureSection load='2zb2' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2zb2]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.45&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2zb2]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2ZB2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2ZB2 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.45&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=A46:5-CHLORO-N-{4-[(1R)-1,2-DIHYDROXYETHYL]PHENYL}-1H-INDOLE-2-CARBOXAMIDE'>A46</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLC:ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE'>GLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MES:2-(N-MORPHOLINO)-ETHANESULFONIC+ACID'>MES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MPD:(4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL'>MPD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PLP:PYRIDOXAL-5-PHOSPHATE'>PLP</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2zb2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2zb2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2zb2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2zb2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2zb2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2zb2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYGL_HUMAN PYGL_HUMAN] Defects in PYGL are the cause of glycogen storage disease type 6 (GSD6) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/232700 232700]. A metabolic disorder characterized by mild to moderate hypoglycemia, mild ketosis, growth retardation, and prominent hepatomegaly. Heart and skeletal muscle are not affected.<ref>PMID:9529348</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYGL_HUMAN PYGL_HUMAN] Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/zb/2zb2_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2zb2 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A series of 5-chloro-N-aryl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide derivatives were prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of human liver glycogen phosphorylase a (hLGPa). One compound, 5-chloro-N-[4-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)phenyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (2f), inhibited hLGPa with an IC(50) of 0.90microM. The pyridine analogue of 2f showed inhibitory activity of glucagon-induced glucose output in cultured primary hepatocytes with an IC(50) of 0.62microM and oral hypoglycemic activity in diabetic db/db mice. Crystallographic determination of the complex of 2f with hLGPa showed binding of the inhibitor in a solvent cavity at the dimer interface, with the two hydroxyl groups making favorable electrostatic interactions with hLGPa.

Synthesis of 5-chloro-N-aryl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide derivatives as inhibitors of human liver glycogen phosphorylase a.,Onda K, Suzuki T, Shiraki R, Yonetoku Y, Negoro K, Momose K, Katayama N, Orita M, Yamaguchi T, Ohta M, Tsukamoto S Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 May 15;16(10):5452-64. Epub 2008 Apr 11. PMID:18434170<ref>PMID:18434170</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2zb2" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures|Glycogen phosphorylase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Katayama N]]
[[Category: Onda K]]